Sura 40: Ghãfer (Forgiver) - Quran Inspector

In the name of GOD, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.

بِسْمِbis'miIn (the) nameٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God,ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِl-raḥmāniMost Gracious,ٱلرَّحِيمِl-raḥīmiMost Merciful.

حمٓhha-meemH.M. ﴿١﴾

*40:1 The initials "Hã Mîm" occur in Suras 40-46. The total frequency of occurrence of the letters "Hã" and "Mîm" in the seven suras is 2147, or 19x113 (Appendix 1).

[40:2] This revelation of the scripture is from GOD, the Almighty, the Omniscient.

تَنزِيلُtanzīluA revelation (of)ٱلْكِتَـٰبِl-kitābithe book / scriptureمِنَmina(is) fromٱللَّهِl-lahiGodٱلْعَزِيزِl-ʿazīzithe Almighty,ٱلْعَلِيمِl-ʿalīmithe Omniscient. ﴿٢﴾

[40:3] Forgiver of sins, acceptor of repentance, strict in enforcing retribution, and possessor of all power. There is no other god beside Him. To Him is the ultimate destiny.

غَافِرِghāfiriForgiver (of)ٱلذَّنۢبِl-dhanbithe sin,وَقَابِلِwaqābiliand Acceptor (of)ٱلتَّوْبِl-tawbithe repentance,شَدِيدِshadīdisevere / strict (in)ٱلْعِقَابِl-ʿiqābithe enforcement of retributionذِىdhīpossessor ofٱلطَّوْلِl-ṭawliall power.لَآlā(There is) noإِلَـٰهَilāhagodإِلَّاillāexceptهُوَhuwaHim;إِلَيْهِilayhito Him (is)ٱلْمَصِيرُl-maṣīruthe final return / ultimate destiny. ﴿٣﴾

[40:4] None argues against GOD's revelations except those who disbelieve. Do not be impressed by their apparent success.

مَاmāNotيُجَـٰدِلُyujādiluhe arguesفِىٓfīconcerningءَايَـٰتِāyāti(the) verses / revelationsٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Godإِلَّاillāexceptٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoكَفَرُوا۟kafarū[they] disbelieved,فَلَاfalāso (let) notيَغْرُرْكَyaghrur'kait deceive youتَقَلُّبُهُمْtaqallubuhumtheir moving about*فِىfīinٱلْبِلَـٰدِl-bilādithe land (*apparent success). ﴿٤﴾

[40:5] Disbelieving before them were the people of Noah, and many other opponents after them. Every community persecuted their messenger to neutralize him. And they argued with falsehood, to defeat the truth. Consequently, I punished them; how terrible was My retribution!

كَذَّبَتْkadhabat[It] denied / disbelievedقَبْلَهُمْqablahumbefore themقَوْمُqawmu(the) people (of)نُوحٍnūḥinNoahوَٱلْأَحْزَابُwal-aḥzābuand the parties / opponentsمِنۢminfromبَعْدِهِمْbaʿdihimafter them,وَهَمَّتْwahammatand [it] plotted / persecutedكُلُّkullueveryأُمَّةٍۭummatincommunityبِرَسُولِهِمْbirasūlihimagainst their messenger,لِيَأْخُذُوهُliyakhudhūhuthat they may seize / neutralize him,وَجَـٰدَلُوا۟wajādalūand they arguedبِٱلْبَـٰطِلِbil-bāṭiliwith [the] falsehoodلِيُدْحِضُوا۟liyud'ḥiḍūthat they may refuteبِهِbihiwith itٱلْحَقَّl-ḥaqathe truth.فَأَخَذْتُهُمْfa-akhadhtuhumSo I punished them.فَكَيْفَfakayfaThen howكَانَkānawasعِقَابِʿiqābiMy penalty / retribution? ﴿٥﴾

[40:6] Thus, the judgment of your Lord is already stamped upon those who disbelieve, that they are the dwellers of Hell.

وَكَذَٰلِكَwakadhālikaAnd thusحَقَّتْḥaqqat[it] proved trueكَلِمَتُkalimatu(the) word / judgmentرَبِّكَrabbika(of) your Lordعَلَىʿalāagainstٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoكَفَرُوٓا۟kafarū[they] disbelievedأَنَّهُمْannahumthat they (are)أَصْحَـٰبُaṣḥābucompanions / dwellers (of)ٱلنَّارِl-nārithe Fire / Hell. ﴿٦﴾

[40:7] Those who serve the throne and all those around it glorify and praise their Lord, and believe in Him. And they ask forgiveness for those who believe: "Our Lord, Your mercy and Your knowledge encompass all things. Forgive those who repent and follow Your path, and spare them the retribution of Hell.

ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnaThose whoيَحْمِلُونَyaḥmilūnathey carry / serveٱلْعَرْشَl-ʿarshathe Throneوَمَنْwamanand whoحَوْلَهُۥḥawlahuaround itيُسَبِّحُونَyusabbiḥūnathey glorifyبِحَمْدِbiḥamdiin praise (of)رَبِّهِمْrabbihimtheir Lordوَيُؤْمِنُونَwayu'minūnaand they believeبِهِۦbihiin Himوَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَwayastaghfirūnaand they ask forgivenessلِلَّذِينَlilladhīnafor those whoءَامَنُوا۟āmanūthey believed,رَبَّنَاrabbanā"Our Lord!وَسِعْتَwasiʿ'taYou have encompassedكُلَّkullaallشَىْءٍshayinthing(s)رَّحْمَةًraḥmatan(by Your) mercyوَعِلْمًاwaʿil'manand knowledge,فَٱغْفِرْfa-igh'firso forgiveلِلَّذِينَlilladhīna[for] those whoتَابُوا۟tābū[they] repentedوَٱتَّبَعُوا۟wa-ittabaʿūand they followedسَبِيلَكَsabīlakaYour pathوَقِهِمْwaqihim(and) save them (from)عَذَابَʿadhāba(the) retribution (of)ٱلْجَحِيمِl-jaḥīmithe Hellfire. ﴿٧﴾

[40:8] "Our Lord, and admit them into the gardens of Eden that You promised for them and for the righteous among their parents, spouses, and children. You are the Almighty, Most Wise.

رَبَّنَاrabbanā"Our Lord!وَأَدْخِلْهُمْwa-adkhil'humAnd admit themجَنَّـٰتِjannātigardens (of)عَدْنٍʿadninEdenٱلَّتِىallatīwhichوَعَدتَّهُمْwaʿadttahumYou promised themوَمَنwamanand whoeverصَلَحَṣalaḥahe was righteousمِنْminamongءَابَآئِهِمْābāihimtheir fathers / parentsوَأَزْوَٰجِهِمْwa-azwājihimand their spousesوَذُرِّيَّـٰتِهِمْwadhurriyyātihimand their children.إِنَّكَinnakaIndeed, [You]أَنتَantaYou (are)ٱلْعَزِيزُl-ʿazīzuthe Almighty,ٱلْحَكِيمُl-ḥakīmuMost Wise. ﴿٨﴾

[40:9] "And protect them from falling in sin. Whomever You protect from falling in sin, on that day, has attained mercy from You. This is the greatest triumph."

وَقِهِمُwaqihimu"(And) protect them (from)ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِl-sayiātithe evils / evil deeds / sins.وَمَنwamanAnd whoeverتَقِtaqiyou protect (from)ٱلسَّيِّـَٔاتِl-sayiātithe evils / evil deeds / sinsيَوْمَئِذٍyawma-idhinthat Day,فَقَدْfaqadthen verilyرَحِمْتَهُۥraḥim'tahuYou bestowed mercy on him.وَذَٰلِكَwadhālikaAnd thatهُوَhuwait (is)ٱلْفَوْزُl-fawzuthe success / triumphٱلْعَظِيمُl-ʿaẓīmuthe great." ﴿٩﴾

[40:10] Those who disbelieve will be told, "GOD's abhorrence towards you is even worse than your own abhorrence towards yourselves. For you were invited to believe, but you chose to disbelieve."

إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoكَفَرُوا۟kafarū[they] disbelievedيُنَادَوْنَyunādawnathey will be called out,لَمَقْتُlamaqtu"Certainly (His) abhorrence ٱللَّهِl-lahiGodأَكْبَرُakbaru(was) greaterمِنminthanمَّقْتِكُمْmaqtikumyour abhorrence (of)أَنفُسَكُمْanfusakumyourselvesإِذْidhwhenتُدْعَوْنَtud'ʿawnayou [all] were called / invitedإِلَىilātoٱلْإِيمَـٰنِl-īmānithe faith,فَتَكْفُرُونَfatakfurūnaand you [all] disbelieved." ﴿١٠﴾

[40:11] They will say, "Our Lord, you have put us to death twice,* and You gave us two lives; now we have confessed our sins. Is there any way out?"

قَالُوا۟qālūThey said,رَبَّنَآrabbanā"Our Lord!أَمَتَّنَاamattanāYou gave us deathٱثْنَتَيْنِith'nataynitwiceوَأَحْيَيْتَنَاwa-aḥyaytanāand You gave us lifeٱثْنَتَيْنِith'nataynitwice,فَٱعْتَرَفْنَاfa-iʿ'tarafnāand we recognized / confessedبِذُنُوبِنَاbidhunūbināfor our sins.فَهَلْfahalSo is (there)إِلَىٰilātoخُرُوجٍkhurūjinget out / exitمِّنminanyسَبِيلٍsabīlinway?" ﴿١١﴾

*40:11-12 The disbelievers go through two deaths, while the righteous believers do not taste death, beyond the death we already experienced (44:56). Please see Appendix 17. The reason for going to Hell is obvious; even those who believe in God associate others with Him (see 39:45).

[40:12] This is because when GOD ALONE was advocated, you disbelieved, but when others were mentioned beside Him, you believed. Therefore, GOD's judgment has been issued; He is the Most High, the Great.

ذَٰلِكُمdhālikum"That [you all] (is)بِأَنَّهُۥٓbi-annahubecause [He],إِذَاidhāwhenدُعِىَduʿiya[He] was invokedٱللَّهُl-lahuGodوَحْدَهُۥwaḥdahuAloneكَفَرْتُمْkafartumyou [all] disbelieved;وَإِنwa-inbut ifيُشْرَكْyush'rakHe has partners associatedبِهِۦbihiwith Him,تُؤْمِنُوا۟tu'minūyou [all] believe.فَٱلْحُكْمُfal-ḥuk'muSo the judgmentلِلَّهِlillahifor God,ٱلْعَلِىِّl-ʿaliyiMost High,ٱلْكَبِيرِl-kabīrithe Great." ﴿١٢﴾

[40:13] He is the One who continuously shows you His proofs, and sends down to you from the sky provisions. Only those who totally submit will be able to take heed.

هُوَhuwaHe (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoيُرِيكُمْyurīkumHe shows you [all]ءَايَـٰتِهِۦāyātihiHis signs / proofsوَيُنَزِّلُwayunazziluand He sends downلَكُمlakumfor you [all]مِّنَminafromٱلسَّمَآءِl-samāithe skyرِزْقًاriz'qanprovision.وَمَاwamāBut notيَتَذَكَّرُyatadhakkaruhe takes heedإِلَّاillāexceptمَنman(one) whoيُنِيبُyunību[he] totally submits / turns (to God) in repentance repeatedly with sincere deeds ﴿١٣﴾

[40:14] Therefore, you shall devote your worship absolutely to GOD ALONE, even if the disbelievers dislike it.

فَٱدْعُوا۟fa-id'ʿūSo invoke [you all]ٱللَّهَl-lahaGod,مُخْلِصِينَmukh'liṣīna[ones who are] exclusively devotedلَهُlahuto Himٱلدِّينَl-dīna(in) the religion,وَلَوْwalaweven thoughكَرِهَkariha[he] disliked (it)ٱلْكَـٰفِرُونَl-kāfirūnathe disbelievers. ﴿١٤﴾

[40:15] Possessor of the highest ranks, and Ruler of the whole dominion. He sends inspiration, bearing His commands, to whomever He chooses from among His servants, to warn about the Day of Summoning.

رَفِيعُrafīʿuRaised / Exalted (in)ٱلدَّرَجَـٰتِl-darajātithe Ranks,ذُوdhūPossessor ofٱلْعَرْشِl-ʿarshithe Throne / All Dominion;يُلْقِىyul'qīHe delivers / sendsٱلرُّوحَl-rūḥathe inspirationمِنْminofأَمْرِهِۦamrihiHis commandعَلَىٰʿalāuponمَنmanwhomيَشَآءُyashāuHe willsمِنْminofعِبَادِهِۦʿibādihiHis servants,لِيُنذِرَliyundhirathat He may warn (of)يَوْمَyawma(the) Day (of)ٱلتَّلَاقِl-talāqithe Meeting / Summoning. ﴿١٥﴾

[40:16] That is the day when everyone will be completely exposed; none of them will hide anything from GOD. To whom belongs all sovereignty on that day? To GOD, the One, the Supreme.

يَوْمَyawma(The) Dayهُمhumtheyبَـٰرِزُونَbārizūna[ones who] come forth,لَاlānotيَخْفَىٰyakhfāit is hiddenعَلَىʿalāfromٱللَّهِl-lahiGodمِنْهُمْmin'humabout themشَىْءٌshayonanything.لِّمَنِlimaniFor whom (is)ٱلْمُلْكُl-mul'kuthe dominion / sovereigntyٱلْيَوْمَl-yawmathis day?لِلَّهِlillahiFor Godٱلْوَٰحِدِl-wāḥidithe One,ٱلْقَهَّارِl-qahārithe Supreme. ﴿١٦﴾

[40:17] On that day, every soul will be requited for whatever it had earned. There will be no injustice on that day. GOD is most efficient in reckoning.

ٱلْيَوْمَal-yawmaThis Dayتُجْزَىٰtuj'zāit will be requitedكُلُّkullueveryنَفْسٍۭnafsinsoulبِمَاbimāfor whatكَسَبَتْkasabatit earned.لَاlāNoظُلْمَẓul'mainjusticeٱلْيَوْمَl-yawmathis day!إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱللَّهَl-lahaGod (is)سَرِيعُsarīʿuswift / efficient (in)ٱلْحِسَابِl-ḥisābithe reckoning. ﴿١٧﴾

[40:18] Warn them about the imminent day, when the hearts will be terrified, and many will be remorseful. The transgressors will have no friend nor an intercessor to be obeyed.

وَأَنذِرْهُمْwa-andhir'humAnd warn them (of)يَوْمَyawma(the) dayٱلْـَٔازِفَةِl-āzifatithe imminent,إِذِidhiwhenٱلْقُلُوبُl-qulūbuthe heartsلَدَىladā(are) atٱلْحَنَاجِرِl-ḥanājirithe throats,كَـٰظِمِينَkāẓimīna[ones] choked.مَاmāNotلِلظَّـٰلِمِينَlilẓẓālimīnafor the wrongdoers / transgressorsمِنْminanyحَمِيمٍḥamīminintimate friendوَلَاwalāand noشَفِيعٍshafīʿinintercessorيُطَاعُyuṭāʿuhe is obeyed. ﴿١٨﴾

[40:19] He is fully aware of what the eyes cannot see, and everything that the minds conceal.

يَعْلَمُyaʿlamuHe knows (what)خَآئِنَةَkhāinatadeceives / betrays*ٱلْأَعْيُنِl-aʿyunithe eyes (*the eyes cannot see)وَمَاwamāand whatتُخْفِىtukh'fī[it] concealٱلصُّدُورُl-ṣudūruthe minds. ﴿١٩﴾

[40:20] GOD judges equitably, while the idols they implore beside Him cannot judge anything. GOD is the One who is the Hearer, the Seer.

وَٱللَّهُwal-lahuAnd Godيَقْضِىyaqḍī[He] judgesبِٱلْحَقِّbil-ḥaqiin [the] justice (*equitably),وَٱلَّذِينَwa-alladhīnawhile thoseيَدْعُونَyadʿūnathey imploreمِنminfromدُونِهِۦdūnihibesides Himلَاlānotيَقْضُونَyaqḍūnathey judgeبِشَىْءٍbishayinin any extent / anything.إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱللَّهَl-lahaGodهُوَhuwaHe (is)ٱلسَّمِيعُl-samīʿuthe Hearer,ٱلْبَصِيرُl-baṣīruthe Seer. ﴿٢٠﴾

[40:21] Did they not roam the earth and note the consequences for those before them? They used to be stronger than they, and more productive on earth. But GOD punished them for their sins, and nothing could protect them from GOD.

أَوَلَمْawalamDo notيَسِيرُوا۟yasīrūthey travel / roamفِىfīinٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe earthفَيَنظُرُوا۟fayanẓurūand they seeكَيْفَkayfahowكَانَkānawasعَـٰقِبَةُʿāqibatu(the) end / consequence / ultimate outcome (for)ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoكَانُوا۟kānū[they] wereمِنminfromقَبْلِهِمْqablihimbefore them?كَانُوا۟kānūThey wereهُمْhum[they]أَشَدَّashaddamightierمِنْهُمْmin'humthan themقُوَّةًquwwatan(in) strengthوَءَاثَارًاwaāthāranand impressions / legacyفِىfīinٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe land,فَأَخَذَهُمُfa-akhadhahumubut [He] seized / punished themٱللَّهُl-lahuGodبِذُنُوبِهِمْbidhunūbihimfor their sins,وَمَاwamāand notكَانَkānawasلَهُمlahumfor themمِّنَminaagainstٱللَّهِl-lahiGodمِنminanyوَاقٍwāqinprotector. ﴿٢١﴾

[40:22] That is because their messengers went to them with clear proofs, but they disbelieved. Consequently, GOD punished them. He is Mighty, strict in enforcing retribution.

ذَٰلِكَdhālikaThat (was)بِأَنَّهُمْbi-annahumbecause [they]كَانَتkānatit hadتَّأْتِيهِمْtatīhim[it] come to themرُسُلُهُمrusuluhumtheir messengersبِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِbil-bayinātiwith the clear proofsفَكَفَرُوا۟fakafarūbut they disbelieved,فَأَخَذَهُمُfa-akhadhahumuSo [He] seized / punished themٱللَّهُl-lahuGod.إِنَّهُۥinnahuIndeed, He (is)قَوِىٌّqawiyyunPowerful / Mighty,شَدِيدُshadīdusevere (in)ٱلْعِقَابِl-ʿiqābi[the] retribution. ﴿٢٢﴾

[40:23] We sent Moses with our signs and a profound authority.

وَلَقَدْwalaqadAnd certainly,أَرْسَلْنَاarsalnāwe sentمُوسَىٰmūsāMosesبِـَٔايَـٰتِنَاbiāyātināwith our signsوَسُلْطَـٰنٍwasul'ṭāninand an authorityمُّبِينٍmubīninprofound. ﴿٢٣﴾

[40:24] To Pharaoh, Hãmãn, and Qãroon. But they said, "A magician; a liar."

إِلَىٰilāToفِرْعَوْنَfir'ʿawnaPharaoh,وَهَـٰمَـٰنَwahāmānaand Hamanوَقَـٰرُونَwaqārūnaand Qaroon,فَقَالُوا۟faqālūbut they said,سَـٰحِرٌsāḥirun"A magician,كَذَّابٌkadhābuna liar." ﴿٢٤﴾

[40:25] And when he showed them the truth from us, they said, "Kill the sons of those who believed with him, and spare their daughters." Thus, the scheming of the disbelievers is always wicked.

فَلَمَّاfalammāThen whenجَآءَهُمjāahumhe came to themبِٱلْحَقِّbil-ḥaqiwith the truthمِنْminfromعِندِنَاʿindinā[at] usقَالُوا۟qālūthey said,ٱقْتُلُوٓا۟uq'tulū"Kill [you all]أَبْنَآءَabnāa(the) sonsٱلَّذِينَalladhīna(of) those whoءَامَنُوا۟āmanū[they] believedمَعَهُۥmaʿahuwith him,وَٱسْتَحْيُوا۟wa-is'taḥyūand [they] let liveنِسَآءَهُمْnisāahumtheir women / daughters."وَمَاwamāAnd not (is)كَيْدُkaydu(the) plot / scheme (of)ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَl-kāfirīnathe disbelieversإِلَّاillābutفِىfīinضَلَـٰلٍḍalālinerror. ﴿٢٥﴾

[40:26] Pharaoh said, "Let me kill Moses, and let him implore his Lord. I worry lest he corrupts your religion, or spreads evil throughout the land."

وَقَالَwaqālaAnd [he] saidفِرْعَوْنُfir'ʿawnuPharaoh,ذَرُونِىٓdharūnī"Leave me [you all]أَقْتُلْaqtul(so that) I killمُوسَىٰmūsāMosesوَلْيَدْعُwalyadʿuand let him imploreرَبَّهُۥٓrabbahuhis Lord.إِنِّىٓinnīIndeed, Iأَخَافُakhāfu[I] fearأَنanthatيُبَدِّلَyubaddilahe will changeدِينَكُمْdīnakumyour religionأَوْaworأَنanthatيُظْهِرَyuẓ'hirahe makes prevalentفِىfīinٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe landٱلْفَسَادَl-fasādathe corruption." ﴿٢٦﴾

[40:27] Moses said, "I seek refuge in my Lord and your Lord, from every arrogant one who does not believe in the Day of Reckoning."

وَقَالَwaqālaAnd [he] saidمُوسَىٰٓmūsāMoses,إِنِّىinnī"Indeed, Iعُذْتُʿudh'tu[I] sought refugeبِرَبِّىbirabbīin my Lordوَرَبِّكُمwarabbikumand your Lordمِّنminfromكُلِّkullieveryمُتَكَبِّرٍmutakabbirinarrogant oneلَّاlānotيُؤْمِنُyu'minuhe believesبِيَوْمِbiyawmiin (the) Day (of)ٱلْحِسَابِl-ḥisābithe Reckoning." ﴿٢٧﴾

[40:28] A believing man among Pharaoh's people, who was concealing his belief, said, "How can you kill a man just for saying, 'My Lord is GOD,' and he has shown you clear proofs from your Lord? If he is a liar, that is his problem, and if he is truthful, you benefit from his promises. Surely, GOD does not guide any transgressor, liar.

وَقَالَwaqālaAnd [he] saidرَجُلٌrajuluna man,مُّؤْمِنٌmu'minuna believer,مِّنْminfromءَالِāli(the) family / people (of)فِرْعَوْنَfir'ʿawnaPharaohيَكْتُمُyaktumu(who) [he] concealsإِيمَـٰنَهُۥٓīmānahuhis faith,أَتَقْتُلُونَataqtulūna"Will you [all] killرَجُلًاrajulana manأَنanbecauseيَقُولَyaqūlahe says,رَبِّىَrabbiya"My Lord (is)ٱللَّهُl-lahuGod,"وَقَدْwaqadand indeedجَآءَكُمjāakumhe came / brought you [all]بِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِbil-bayināti[with] the clear proofsمِنminfromرَّبِّكُمْrabbikumyour Lord?وَإِنwa-inAnd ifيَكُyakuhe isكَـٰذِبًاkādhibana liar,فَعَلَيْهِfaʿalayhithen upon him (is)كَذِبُهُۥkadhibuhuhis lie;وَإِنwa-inand ifيَكُyakuhe isصَادِقًاṣādiqantruthful,يُصِبْكُمyuṣib'kumit will befall you [all]بَعْضُbaʿḍusome (of)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthat whichيَعِدُكُمْyaʿidukumhe promises you [all].إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱللَّهَl-lahaGodلَاlānotيَهْدِىyahdī[He] guidesمَنْman(one) whoهُوَhuwahe (is)مُسْرِفٌmus'rifuna transgressor,كَذَّابٌkadhābuna liar. ﴿٢٨﴾

[40:29] "O my people, today you have kingship and the upperhand. But who will help us against GOD's judgment, should it come to us?" Pharaoh said, "You are to follow only what I see fit; I will guide you only in the right path."

يَـٰقَوْمِyāqawmi"O my people!لَكُمُlakumuFor you [all] (is)ٱلْمُلْكُl-mul'kuthe kingdom / kingshipٱلْيَوْمَl-yawmatoday,ظَـٰهِرِينَẓāhirīnadominant [ones]فِىfīinٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe land,فَمَنfamanbut whoيَنصُرُنَاyanṣurunā[he] helps usمِنۢminagainstبَأْسِbasi(the) punishmentٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God,إِنinifجَآءَنَاjāanāit came to us."قَالَqāla[He] saidفِرْعَوْنُfir'ʿawnuPharaoh,مَآmā"NotأُرِيكُمْurīkumI show you [all]إِلَّاillāexceptمَآmāwhatأَرَىٰarāI seeوَمَآwamāand notأَهْدِيكُمْahdīkumI guide you [all]إِلَّاillāexceptسَبِيلَsabīla(to the) pathٱلرَّشَادِl-rashādithe righteous / right." ﴿٢٩﴾

[40:30] The one who believed said, "O my people, I fear for you the same fate as the previous opponents.

وَقَالَwaqālaAnd [he] saidٱلَّذِىٓalladhīthe one whoءَامَنَāmana[he] believed,يَـٰقَوْمِyāqawmi"O my people!إِنِّىٓinnīIndeed, Iأَخَافُakhāfu[I] fearعَلَيْكُمʿalaykumfor you [all]مِّثْلَmith'lalikeيَوْمِyawmi(the) day (of)ٱلْأَحْزَابِl-aḥzābithe parties / opponents. ﴿٣٠﴾

[40:31] "The opponents of Noah, and 'Ãd, Thamûd, and others who came after them. GOD does not wish any injustice for the people.

مِثْلَmith'la"Likeدَأْبِdabi(the) custom / case (of)قَوْمِqawmi(the) people (of)نُوحٍnūḥinNoahوَعَادٍwaʿādinand Adوَثَمُودَwathamūdaand Thamudوَٱلَّذِينَwa-alladhīnaand thoseمِنۢminfromبَعْدِهِمْbaʿdihimafter them.وَمَاwamāAnd notٱللَّهُl-lahuGodيُرِيدُyurīduHe wishظُلْمًاẓul'maninjusticeلِّلْعِبَادِlil'ʿibādifor the servants / people. ﴿٣١﴾

[40:32] "O my people, I fear for you the Day of Summoning.

وَيَـٰقَوْمِwayāqawmiAnd O my people!إِنِّىٓinnī"Indeed, Iأَخَافُakhāfu[I] fearعَلَيْكُمْʿalaykumfor you [all]يَوْمَyawma(the) Day (of)ٱلتَّنَادِl-tanādi[the] Calling / Summoning. ﴿٣٢﴾

[40:33] "That is the day when you may wish to turn around and flee. But nothing will protect you then from GOD. Whomever GOD sends astray, nothing can guide him."

يَوْمَyawma"A dayتُوَلُّونَtuwallūnayou [all] will turn backمُدْبِرِينَmud'birīna[ones] fleeing;مَاmānotلَكُمlakumfor you [all]مِّنَminafromٱللَّهِl-lahiGodمِنْminanyعَاصِمٍʿāṣiminprotector.وَمَنwamanAnd whoeverيُضْلِلِyuḍ'lili[He] lets go astray,ٱللَّهُl-lahuGodفَمَاfamāthen notلَهُۥlahufor himمِنْminanyهَادٍhādinguide." ﴿٣٣﴾

[40:34] Joseph had come to you before that with clear revelations, but you continued to doubt his message. Then, when he died you said, "GOD will not send any other messenger after him. (He was the last messenger)!"** GOD thus sends astray those who are transgressors, doubtful.

وَلَقَدْwalaqadAnd indeed,جَآءَكُمْjāakum[he] came to you [all]يُوسُفُyūsufuJosephمِنminfromقَبْلُqablubeforeبِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِbil-bayinātiwith the clear proofs / revelations,فَمَاfamābut notزِلْتُمْzil'tumyou [all] ceasedفِىfīinشَكٍّshakkindoubtمِّمَّاmimmāabout whatجَآءَكُمjāakumhe came / brought to you [all]بِهِۦbihiwith it,حَتَّىٰٓḥattāuntilإِذَاidhāwhenهَلَكَhalakahe perished / died,قُلْتُمْqul'tumyou [all] said,لَنlan"Neverيَبْعَثَyabʿatha[He] will send / raiseٱللَّهُl-lahuGodمِنۢminfromبَعْدِهِۦbaʿdihiafter himرَسُولًاrasūlana messenger."كَذَٰلِكَkadhālikaThus,يُضِلُّyuḍillu[He] sends astrayٱللَّهُl-lahuGodمَنْmanwhoهُوَhuwahe (is)مُسْرِفٌmus'rifuna transgressor,مُّرْتَابٌmur'tābuna doubter. ﴿٣٤﴾

*40:34 The Jews refused to believe in the Messiah when he came to them, the Christians refused to believe in Muhammad when he came to them, and a majority of today's Muslims believe that Muhammad was the last messenger. On that erroneous basis, they refused to accept God's Messenger of the Covenant. We learn from 3:81-90 and 33:7 that those who fail to accept the Quranic injunction to "believe in and support God's Messenger of the Covenant" are no longer believers. See Appendices 2 & 26. **40:34 It is noteworthy that we find the name "Rashad" in the Arabic text precisely four verses ahead of the injunction against saying "the last messenger," and also four verses after it.

[40:35] They argue against GOD's revelations, without any basis. This is a trait that is most abhorred by GOD and by those who believe. GOD thus seals the hearts of every arrogant tyrant.

ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnaThose whoيُجَـٰدِلُونَyujādilūnathey argueفِىٓfīconcerningءَايَـٰتِāyāti(the) signs / revelationsٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Godبِغَيْرِbighayri[for] withoutسُلْطَـٰنٍsul'ṭānin(any) authority / proofأَتَىٰهُمْatāhum[it] granted to them,كَبُرَkaburait is greatlyمَقْتًاmaqtanabhorredعِندَʿindain the sight ofٱللَّهِl-lahiGodوَعِندَwaʿindaand in the sight ofٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathoseءَامَنُوا۟āmanū(who) [they] believed.كَذَٰلِكَkadhālikaThusيَطْبَعُyaṭbaʿu[He] places a sealٱللَّهُl-lahuGodعَلَىٰʿalāoverكُلِّkullieveryقَلْبِqalbiheart (of)مُتَكَبِّرٍmutakabbirinan arrogantجَبَّارٍjabbārintyrant." ﴿٣٥﴾

[40:36] Pharaoh said, "O Hãmãn, build for me a high tower, that I may reach out and discover.

وَقَالَwaqālaAnd [he] saidفِرْعَوْنُfir'ʿawnuPharaoh,يَـٰهَـٰمَـٰنُyāhāmānu"O Haman!ٱبْنِib'niBuildلِىlīfor meصَرْحًاṣarḥana towerلَّعَلِّىٓlaʿallīthat I mayأَبْلُغُablughu[I] reachٱلْأَسْبَـٰبَl-asbābathe ways / reasons (discover). ﴿٣٦﴾

[40:37] "I want to reach the heaven, and take a look at the god of Moses. I believe he is a liar." Thus were the evil works of Pharaoh adorned in his eyes, and thus was he kept from following (the right) path. Pharaoh's scheming was truly evil.

أَسْبَـٰبَasbāba"(The) ways / reasonsٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِl-samāwāti(to) the heavensفَأَطَّلِعَfa-aṭṭaliʿaso I (may) look / peerإِلَىٰٓilāatإِلَـٰهِilāhi(the) godمُوسَىٰmūsā(of) Moses;وَإِنِّىwa-innīand indeed, Iلَأَظُنُّهُۥla-aẓunnuhu[I] surely think himكَـٰذِبًاkādhibana liar."وَكَذَٰلِكَwakadhālikaAnd thusزُيِّنَzuyyinait was adornedلِفِرْعَوْنَlifir'ʿawnafor Pharaohسُوٓءُsūu(the) evil (of)عَمَلِهِۦʿamalihihis deed / work(s),وَصُدَّwaṣuddaand he was avertedعَنِʿanifromٱلسَّبِيلِl-sabīlithe path.وَمَاwamāAnd not (was)كَيْدُkaydu(the) plot / scheme (of)فِرْعَوْنَfir'ʿawnaPharaohإِلَّاillāexceptفِىfīinتَبَابٍtabābinruin / continuous evil. ﴿٣٧﴾

[40:38] The one who believed said, "O my people, follow me, and I will guide you in the right way.

وَقَالَwaqālaAnd [he] saidٱلَّذِىٓalladhīthe one whoءَامَنَāmana[he] believed,يَـٰقَوْمِyāqawmi"O my people!ٱتَّبِعُونِittabiʿūniFollow me [you all]أَهْدِكُمْahdikumI will guide you [all]سَبِيلَsabīlawayٱلرَّشَادِl-rashādithe righteous / right. ﴿٣٨﴾

[40:39] "O my people, this first life is a temporary illusion, while the Hereafter is the eternal abode."

يَـٰقَوْمِyāqawmi"O my people!إِنَّمَاinnamāOnlyهَـٰذِهِhādhihithis,ٱلْحَيَوٰةُl-ḥayatuthe life (of)ٱلدُّنْيَاl-dun'yāthe world (is)مَتَـٰعٌmatāʿuna temporary enjoyment,وَإِنَّwa-innaand indeed,ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةَl-ākhiratathe Hereafterهِىَhiyait (is)دَارُdāru(the) abode (Hereafter)ٱلْقَرَارِl-qarāri(of) the settlement (eternal)." ﴿٣٩﴾

[40:40] Whoever commits a sin is requited for just that, and whoever works righteousness - male or female - while believing, these will enter Paradise wherein they receive provisions without any limits.

مَنْmanWhoeverعَمِلَʿamilahe didسَيِّئَةًsayyi-atanan evil / sinفَلَاfalāthen notيُجْزَىٰٓyuj'zāhe is requitedإِلَّاillābutمِثْلَهَاmith'lahā(the) like thereof;وَمَنْwamanand whoeverعَمِلَʿamilahe didصَـٰلِحًاṣāliḥanrighteous (deeds),مِّنminofذَكَرٍdhakarinmaleأَوْaworأُنثَىٰunthāfemale,وَهُوَwahuwawhile he (is)مُؤْمِنٌmu'minuna believer,فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَfa-ulāikathen thoseيَدْخُلُونَyadkhulūnathey will enterٱلْجَنَّةَl-janata[the] Paradise,يُرْزَقُونَyur'zaqūnathey are given provisionفِيهَاfīhāin itبِغَيْرِbighayri[for] withoutحِسَابٍḥisābinan account / a tab / a limit. ﴿٤٠﴾

[40:41] "O my people, while I invite you to be saved, you invite me to the hellfire.

وَيَـٰقَوْمِwayāqawmi"And O my people!مَاmāWhat (is)لِىٓlīfor meأَدْعُوكُمْadʿūkum(that) I invite you [all]إِلَىilātoٱلنَّجَوٰةِl-najatithe salvationوَتَدْعُونَنِىٓwatadʿūnanīwhile you [all] invite meإِلَىilātoٱلنَّارِl-nārithe Fire! ﴿٤١﴾

[40:42] "You invite me to be unappreciative of GOD, and to set up beside Him idols that I do not recognize. I am inviting you to the Almighty, the Forgiver.

تَدْعُونَنِىtadʿūnanī"You [all] invite meلِأَكْفُرَli-akfurathat I may disbelieve / be unappreciativeبِٱللَّهِbil-lahiin Godوَأُشْرِكَwa-ush'rikaand (that) I associate partnersبِهِۦbihiwith Himمَاmāwhatلَيْسَlaysanotلِىlīfor meبِهِۦbihiof itعِلْمٌʿil'mun(any) knowledge,وَأَنَا۠wa-anāand Iأَدْعُوكُمْadʿūkum[I] invite you [all]إِلَىilātoٱلْعَزِيزِl-ʿazīzithe Almighty,ٱلْغَفَّـٰرِl-ghafārithe Forgiver. ﴿٤٢﴾

[40:43] "There is no doubt that what you invite me to do has no basis in this world, nor in the Hereafter, that our ultimate return is to GOD, and that the transgressors have incurred the hellfire.

لَاlā"Noجَرَمَjaramadoubtأَنَّمَاannamāthat whatتَدْعُونَنِىٓtadʿūnanīyou [all] invite meإِلَيْهِilayhito itلَيْسَlaysanotلَهُۥlahufor itدَعْوَةٌdaʿwatuna claim / basisفِىfīinٱلدُّنْيَاl-dun'yāthe worldوَلَاwalāand notفِىfīinٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِl-ākhiratithe Hereafter;وَأَنَّwa-annaand thatمَرَدَّنَآmaraddanāwe are returning backإِلَىilātoٱللَّهِl-lahiGod,وَأَنَّwa-annaand thatٱلْمُسْرِفِينَl-mus'rifīnathe transgressorsهُمْhumthey (will be)أَصْحَـٰبُaṣḥābucompanions / dwellers (of)ٱلنَّارِl-nārithe Fire. ﴿٤٣﴾

[40:44] "Some day you will remember what I am telling you now. I leave the judgment of this matter to GOD; GOD is the Seer of all the people."

فَسَتَذْكُرُونَfasatadhkurūna"Then you [all] will rememberمَآmāwhatأَقُولُaqūluI sayلَكُمْlakumto you [all],وَأُفَوِّضُwa-ufawwiḍuand I entrust / leave the judgmentأَمْرِىٓamrīmy affairإِلَىilātoٱللَّهِl-lahiGod.إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱللَّهَl-lahaGod (is)بَصِيرٌۢbaṣīrunSeerبِٱلْعِبَادِbil-ʿibādiof all servants." ﴿٤٤﴾

[40:45] GOD then protected him from their evil schemes, while the people of Pharaoh have incurred the worst retribution.

فَوَقَىٰهُfawaqāhuSo [He] protected him,ٱللَّهُl-lahuGod,سَيِّـَٔاتِsayyiāti(from the) evilsمَاmāthatمَكَرُوا۟makarūthey schemed,وَحَاقَwaḥāqaand He surroundedبِـَٔالِbiālifor (the) people (of)فِرْعَوْنَfir'ʿawnaPharaohسُوٓءُsūu(the) worstٱلْعَذَابِl-ʿadhābi[the] retribution, ﴿٤٥﴾

[40:46] The Hell will be shown to them day and night, and on the Day of Resurrection: "Admit Pharaoh's people into the worst retribution."

ٱلنَّارُal-nāruThe Fire;يُعْرَضُونَyuʿ'raḍūnathey are exposed / shownعَلَيْهَاʿalayhāto itغُدُوًّاghuduwwanmorning (day)وَعَشِيًّاwaʿashiyyanand evening / night.وَيَوْمَwayawmaAnd (the) Dayتَقُومُtaqūmu[it] is establishedٱلسَّاعَةُl-sāʿatuthe Hour,أَدْخِلُوٓا۟adkhilū"Admit [you all]ءَالَāla(the) people (of)فِرْعَوْنَfir'ʿawnaPharaohأَشَدَّashadda(in the) severest / worstٱلْعَذَابِl-ʿadhābi[the] retribution." ﴿٤٦﴾

[40:47] As they argue in Hell, the followers will say to their leaders, "We used to be your followers, can you spare us any part of this Hell?"

وَإِذْwa-idhAnd whenيَتَحَآجُّونَyataḥājjūnathey will argueفِىfīinٱلنَّارِl-nārithe Fire,فَيَقُولُfayaqūluthen [he] will sayٱلضُّعَفَـٰٓؤُا۟l-ḍuʿafāuthe weak (followers)لِلَّذِينَlilladhīnato those whoٱسْتَكْبَرُوٓا۟is'takbarū[they] were arrogant / leaders,إِنَّاinnā"Indeed, [we]كُنَّاkunnāwe wereلَكُمْlakumfor you [all]تَبَعًاtabaʿanfollowers,فَهَلْfahalso canأَنتُمantumyou [all]مُّغْنُونَmugh'nūna[ones who] avert / spareعَنَّاʿannāfrom usنَصِيبًاnaṣībana portionمِّنَminaofٱلنَّارِl-nārithe Fire?" ﴿٤٧﴾

[40:48] The leaders will say, "We are all in this together. GOD has judged among the people."

قَالَqāla[He] saidٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoٱسْتَكْبَرُوٓا۟is'takbarūthey were arrogant / leaders,إِنَّاinnā"Indeed, we (are)كُلٌّkullunallفِيهَآfīhāin it.إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱللَّهَl-lahaGodقَدْqadalreadyحَكَمَḥakama[He] judgedبَيْنَbaynabetweenٱلْعِبَادِl-ʿibādi[the] servants" ﴿٤٨﴾

[40:49] Those in the hellfire will say to the guardians of Hell, "Call upon your Lord to reduce the retribution for us, for even one day."

وَقَالَwaqālaAnd [he] saidٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathoseفِىfīinٱلنَّارِl-nārithe Fireلِخَزَنَةِlikhazanatito (the) keepers / guardians (of)جَهَنَّمَjahannamaHell,ٱدْعُوا۟id'ʿū"Call upon [you all]رَبَّكُمْrabbakumyour LordيُخَفِّفْyukhaffifHe lightens / reducesعَنَّاʿannāfor usيَوْمًاyawmana dayمِّنَminaofٱلْعَذَابِl-ʿadhābithe retribution." ﴿٤٩﴾

[40:50] They will say, "Did you not receive your messengers who delivered to you clear messages?" They will reply, "Yes we did." They will say, "Then implore (as much as you wish); the imploring of the disbelievers is always in vain."

قَالُوٓا۟qālūThey said,أَوَلَمْawalam"Have notتَكُtakuit beتَأْتِيكُمْtatīkum[it] come to you [all]رُسُلُكُمrusulukumyour messengersبِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِbil-bayinātiwith the clear proofs / messages?"قَالُوا۟qālūThey said,بَلَىٰbalā"Yes."قَالُوا۟qālūThey said,فَٱدْعُوا۟fa-id'ʿū"Then implore [you all],وَمَاwamābut not (is)دُعَـٰٓؤُا۟duʿāu(the) implorings / supplications (of)ٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَl-kāfirīnathe disbelieversإِلَّاillāexceptفِىfīinضَلَـٰلٍḍalālinerror." ﴿٥٠﴾

[40:51] Most assuredly, we will give victory to our messengers and to those who believe, both in this world and on the day the witnesses are summoned.

إِنَّاinnāIndeed, [we]لَنَنصُرُlananṣuru[we] surely help / give victory (to)رُسُلَنَاrusulanāour messengersوَٱلَّذِينَwa-alladhīnaand those whoءَامَنُوا۟āmanū[they] believedفِىfīinٱلْحَيَوٰةِl-ḥayatithe life (of)ٱلدُّنْيَاl-dun'yāthe worldوَيَوْمَwayawmaand (on the) Dayيَقُومُyaqūmu[he] will standٱلْأَشْهَـٰدُl-ashhāduthe witness. ﴿٥١﴾

[40:52] On that day, the apologies of the disbelievers will not benefit them. They have incurred condemnation; they have incurred the worst destiny.

يَوْمَyawma(The) Dayلَاlānotيَنفَعُyanfaʿuit will benefitٱلظَّـٰلِمِينَl-ẓālimīnathe wrongdoersمَعْذِرَتُهُمْmaʿdhiratuhumtheir excuses / apologies,وَلَهُمُwalahumuand for them (is)ٱللَّعْنَةُl-laʿnatuthe curseوَلَهُمْwalahumand for them (is)سُوٓءُsūu(the) worstٱلدَّارِl-dāri[the] abode (Hereafter). ﴿٥٢﴾

[40:53] We have given Moses the guidance, and made the Children of Israel inherit the scripture.

وَلَقَدْwalaqadAnd certainly,ءَاتَيْنَاātaynāwe gaveمُوسَىmūsāMosesٱلْهُدَىٰl-hudāthe guidanceوَأَوْرَثْنَاwa-awrathnāand we caused to inheritبَنِىٓbanī(the) Children (of) إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَis'rāīlaIsraelٱلْكِتَـٰبَl-kitābathe scripture. ﴿٥٣﴾

[40:54] (Their history) is a lesson and a reminder for those who possess intelligence.

هُدًىhudanA guidanceوَذِكْرَىٰwadhik'rāand a reminderلِأُو۟لِىli-ulīfor possessors ofٱلْأَلْبَـٰبِl-albābithe understanding / intelligence. ﴿٥٤﴾

[40:55] Therefore, be patient, for GOD's promise is true, and ask forgiveness for your sin, and glorify and praise your Lord night and day.

فَٱصْبِرْfa-iṣ'birSo be patient;إِنَّinnaindeed,وَعْدَwaʿda(the) promise (of)ٱللَّهِl-lahiGod (is)حَقٌّḥaqquntrue.وَٱسْتَغْفِرْwa-is'taghfirAnd ask forgivenessلِذَنۢبِكَlidhanbikafor your sinوَسَبِّحْwasabbiḥand glorifyبِحَمْدِbiḥamdiin (the) praise (of)رَبِّكَrabbikayour Lordبِٱلْعَشِىِّbil-ʿashiyiin the evening / nightوَٱلْإِبْكَـٰرِwal-ib'kāriand the morning / day. ﴿٥٥﴾

[40:56] Surely, those who argue against GOD's revelations without proof are exposing the arrogance that is hidden inside their chests, and they are not even aware of it. Therefore, seek refuge in GOD; He is the Hearer, the Seer.

إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoيُجَـٰدِلُونَyujādilūnathey argueفِىٓfīconcerningءَايَـٰتِāyāti(the) signs / revelationsٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Godبِغَيْرِbighayri[for] withoutسُلْطَـٰنٍsul'ṭānin(any) authority / proofأَتَىٰهُمْatāhum[it] granted to them,إِنinnotفِىfī(is) inصُدُورِهِمْṣudūrihimtheir chestsإِلَّاillābutكِبْرٌkib'runhaughtiness / arrogance,مَّاmānotهُمhumthey (can)بِبَـٰلِغِيهِbibālighīhieven reach / attain / perceive it.فَٱسْتَعِذْfa-is'taʿidhSo seek refugeبِٱللَّهِbil-lahiin God.إِنَّهُۥinnahuIndeed, [He]هُوَhuwaHe (is)ٱلسَّمِيعُl-samīʿuthe Hearerٱلْبَصِيرُl-baṣīruthe Seer. ﴿٥٦﴾

[40:57] The creation of the heavens and the earth is even more awesome than the creation of the human being, but most people do not know.

لَخَلْقُlakhalquSurely (the) creation (of)ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِl-samāwātithe heavensوَٱلْأَرْضِwal-arḍiand the earthأَكْبَرُakbaru(is) greater / more awesomeمِنْminthanخَلْقِkhalqi(the) creation (of)ٱلنَّاسِl-nāsithe people,وَلَـٰكِنَّwalākinnabutأَكْثَرَaktharamost (of)ٱلنَّاسِl-nāsithe peopleلَاlā(do) notيَعْلَمُونَyaʿlamūna[they] know. ﴿٥٧﴾

[40:58] Not equal are the blind and the seer. Nor are those who believe and work righteousness equal to the sinners. Rarely do you take heed.

وَمَاwamāAnd notيَسْتَوِىyastawīit is equalٱلْأَعْمَىٰl-aʿmāthe blindوَٱلْبَصِيرُwal-baṣīruand the seerوَٱلَّذِينَwa-alladhīnaand those whoءَامَنُوا۟āmanū[they] believedوَعَمِلُوا۟waʿamilūand [they] didٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِl-ṣāliḥāti[the] righteous deedsوَلَاwalāand notٱلْمُسِىٓءُl-musīuthe evildoer / sinner.قَلِيلًاqalīlanLittleمَّاmā(is) whatتَتَذَكَّرُونَtatadhakkarūnayou [all] take heed. ﴿٥٨﴾

[40:59] Most certainly, the Hour (Day of Judgment) is coming, no doubt about it, but most people do not believe.

إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱلسَّاعَةَl-sāʿatathe Hourلَـَٔاتِيَةٌlaātiyatun(is) surely coming,لَّاlānoرَيْبَraybadoubtفِيهَاfīhāabout it,وَلَـٰكِنَّwalākinnabutأَكْثَرَaktharamostٱلنَّاسِl-nāsithe peopleلَاlānotيُؤْمِنُونَyu'minūnathey believe. ﴿٥٩﴾

[40:60] Your Lord says, "Implore Me, and I will respond to you. Surely, those who are too arrogant to worship Me will enter Gehenna, forcibly."

وَقَالَwaqālaAnd [He] saidرَبُّكُمُrabbukumuyour Lord,ٱدْعُونِىٓid'ʿūnī"Implore Me [you all];أَسْتَجِبْastajibI will respondلَكُمْlakumto you [all].إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoيَسْتَكْبِرُونَyastakbirūnathey are arrogantعَنْʿantoعِبَادَتِىʿibādatīworship Meسَيَدْخُلُونَsayadkhulūnathey will enterجَهَنَّمَjahannamaHellدَاخِرِينَdākhirīna[ones] humbled / forcibly." ﴿٦٠﴾

*40:60 Supplication, imploring God for anything, even material luxuries, is a form of worship. Hence the commandment to implore God whenever we have any need. An atheist will never implore God for anything.

[40:61] GOD is the One who designed the night so you can rest in it, and the day lighted. GOD bestows many blessings upon the people, but most people are not thankful.

ٱللَّهُal-lahuGod (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoجَعَلَjaʿalaHe madeلَكُمُlakumufor you [all]ٱلَّيْلَal-laylathe nightلِتَسْكُنُوا۟litaskunūthat you [all] may restفِيهِfīhiin it,وَٱلنَّهَارَwal-nahāraand the dayمُبْصِرًاmub'ṣirangiving visibility / lighted.إِنَّinnaIndeed,ٱللَّهَl-lahaGod (is)لَذُوladhūsurely possessor of فَضْلٍfaḍlinfavor / grace / bountyعَلَىʿalātoٱلنَّاسِl-nāsithe people,وَلَـٰكِنَّwalākinnabutأَكْثَرَaktharamost (of)ٱلنَّاسِl-nāsithe peopleلَاlānotيَشْكُرُونَyashkurūna[they are] appreciative / thankful. ﴿٦١﴾

[40:62] Such is GOD your Lord, the Creator of all things. There is no god except He. How could you deviate?

ذَٰلِكُمُdhālikumuThat [you all] (is)ٱللَّهُl-lahuGodرَبُّكُمْrabbukumyour Lord,خَـٰلِقُkhāliquCreatorكُلِّkulliallشَىْءٍshayinthing(s).لَّآlāNoإِلَـٰهَilāhagodإِلَّاillāexceptهُوَhuwaHim.فَأَنَّىٰfa-annāSo how (can)تُؤْفَكُونَtu'fakūnayou [all] turn away / deviate? ﴿٦٢﴾

[40:63] Deviating are those who disregard GOD's revelations.

كَذَٰلِكَkadhālikaThusيُؤْفَكُyu'faku[he] turns away / deviatesٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoكَانُوا۟kānū[they] used toبِـَٔايَـٰتِbiāyātiin (the) signs / revelationsٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God,يَجْحَدُونَyajḥadūna[they] reject / disregard. ﴿٦٣﴾

[40:64] GOD is the One who rendered the earth habitable for you, and the sky a formidable structure, and He designed you, and designed you well. He is the One who provides you with good provisions.* Such is GOD your Lord; Most Exalted is GOD, Lord of the universe.

ٱللَّهُal-lahuGod (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoجَعَلَjaʿalaHe madeلَكُمُlakumufor you [all]ٱلْأَرْضَl-arḍathe earthقَرَارًاqarāranstable and safe / habitableوَٱلسَّمَآءَwal-samāaand the skyبِنَآءًbināana structureوَصَوَّرَكُمْwaṣawwarakumand He designed you [all]فَأَحْسَنَfa-aḥsanaand He perfectedصُوَرَكُمْṣuwarakumyour designs,وَرَزَقَكُمwarazaqakumand He provided you [all]مِّنَminafromٱلطَّيِّبَـٰتِl-ṭayibātithe good things / provisions.ذَٰلِكُمُdhālikumuThat [you all] (is)ٱللَّهُl-lahuGod,رَبُّكُمْrabbukumyour Lord.فَتَبَارَكَfatabārakaSo [He] is Exalted / Blessedٱللَّهُl-lahuGod,رَبُّrabbuLord (of)ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَl-ʿālamīnathe worlds / universe. ﴿٦٤﴾

*40:64 See Footnotes 15:20, 20:54, 25:2, and 35:12-13.

[40:65] He is the Living; there is no god except He. You shall worship Him alone, devoting your religion absolutely to Him alone. Praise be to GOD, Lord of the universe.

هُوَhuwaHe (is)ٱلْحَىُّl-ḥayuthe Living;لَآlānoإِلَـٰهَilāhagodإِلَّاillāexceptهُوَhuwaHe,فَٱدْعُوهُfa-id'ʿūhuso call / implore Him [you all],مُخْلِصِينَmukh'liṣīna[ones who are] exclusively devotedلَهُlahuto Himٱلدِّينَl-dīna(in) the religion.ٱلْحَمْدُl-ḥamduAll praise beلِلَّهِlillahito God,رَبِّrabbiLord (of)ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَl-ʿālamīnathe worlds / universe. ﴿٦٥﴾

[40:66] Say, "I have been enjoined from worshiping the idols you worship beside GOD, when the clear revelations came to me from my Lord. I was commanded to submit to the Lord of the universe."*

قُلْqulSay,إِنِّىinnī"Indeed, [I]نُهِيتُnuhītuI have been forbidden / ceased / enjoinedأَنْanthatأَعْبُدَaʿbuda[I] worshipٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whomتَدْعُونَtadʿūnayou [all] call / worshipمِنminfromدُونِdūnibesidesٱللَّهِl-lahiGodلَمَّاlammāwhenجَآءَنِىَjāaniya[it] came to meٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتُl-bayinātuthe clear proofs (revelations)مِنminfromرَّبِّىrabbīmy Lord,وَأُمِرْتُwa-umir'tuand I was commandedأَنْanthatأُسْلِمَus'limaI submitلِرَبِّlirabbito (the) Lord (of)ٱلْعَـٰلَمِينَl-ʿālamīnathe worlds / universe. ﴿٦٦﴾

*40:66 The Arabic word "Nahaa" used in this verse indicates the stopping of something that was going on. See for example the same word in 4:171. See also 93:7.

[40:67] He is the One who created you from dust, and subsequently from a tiny drop, then from a hanging embryo, then He brings you out as a child, then He lets you reach maturity, then you become old - some of you die earlier. You attain a predetermined age, that you may understand.

هُوَhuwaHe (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoخَلَقَكُمkhalaqakumHe created you [all]مِّنminfromتُرَابٍturābindust,ثُمَّthummathenمِنminfromنُّطْفَةٍnuṭ'fatina semen-drop / tiny drop,ثُمَّthummathenمِنْminfromعَلَقَةٍʿalaqatina hanging embryo,ثُمَّthummathenيُخْرِجُكُمْyukh'rijukumHe brings you [all] outطِفْلًاṭif'lan(as) a child;ثُمَّthummathenلِتَبْلُغُوٓا۟litablughūso that you [all] may reachأَشُدَّكُمْashuddakumyour maturity,ثُمَّthummathenلِتَكُونُوا۟litakūnūso that you [all] may becomeشُيُوخًاshuyūkhanoldوَمِنكُمwaminkumand among you [all]مَّنman(is he) whoيُتَوَفَّىٰyutawaffāhe diesمِنminfromقَبْلُqablubefore / earlierوَلِتَبْلُغُوٓا۟walitablughūand that you [all] may reachأَجَلًاajalana determined termمُّسَمًّىmusammanpredetermined,وَلَعَلَّكُمْwalaʿallakumand that you [all] mayتَعْقِلُونَtaʿqilūna[you all] understand. ﴿٦٧﴾

[40:68] He is the only One who controls life and death. To have anything done, He simply says to it, "Be," and it is.

هُوَhuwaHe (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoيُحْىِۦyuḥ'yīHe gives lifeوَيُمِيتُwayumītuand He causes death.فَإِذَاfa-idhāAnd whenقَضَىٰٓqaḍāHe decreedأَمْرًاamrana matter / command,فَإِنَّمَاfa-innamāthen onlyيَقُولُyaqūluHe saysلَهُۥlahuto it,كُنkun"Be,"فَيَكُونُfayakūnuand it is. ﴿٦٨﴾

[40:69] Have you noted those who argue against GOD's proofs, and how they have deviated?

أَلَمْalamDo notتَرَtarayou seeإِلَىilātoٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoيُجَـٰدِلُونَyujādilūnathey argueفِىٓfīconcerningءَايَـٰتِāyāti(the) signs / proofsٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Godأَنَّىٰannāhowيُصْرَفُونَyuṣ'rafūnathey turn away / deviate? ﴿٦٩﴾

[40:70] They are the ones who have disbelieved in the scripture, and in the messages we have sent with our messengers. Therefore, they will surely find out.

ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnaThose whoكَذَّبُوا۟kadhabū[they] denied / disbelievedبِٱلْكِتَـٰبِbil-kitābiin the book / scriptureوَبِمَآwabimāand in whatأَرْسَلْنَاarsalnāwe sentبِهِۦbihiwith [it]رُسُلَنَاrusulanāour messengers;فَسَوْفَfasawfabut soonيَعْلَمُونَyaʿlamūnathey will know. ﴿٧٠﴾

[40:71] The shackles will be around their necks, and the chains will be used to drag them.

إِذِidhiWhenٱلْأَغْلَـٰلُl-aghlāluthe shacklesفِىٓfīaroundأَعْنَـٰقِهِمْaʿnāqihimtheir necksوَٱلسَّلَـٰسِلُwal-salāsiluand the chains,يُسْحَبُونَyus'ḥabūnathey will be dragged. ﴿٧١﴾

[40:72] In the Inferno,* then in the Fire, they will burn.

فِىfīInٱلْحَمِيمِl-ḥamīmithe Infernoثُمَّthummathenفِىfīinٱلنَّارِl-nārithe Fireيُسْجَرُونَyus'jarūnathey will burn. ﴿٧٢﴾

*40:72 Those who did not prepare themselves will suffer tremendously in the presence of God, on the Day of Judgment. They cannot stand the closeness to God due to lack of sufficient growth and development of their souls. I am using "Inferno" to describe this particular situation (55:44). Preparation of the soul is accomplished by the rites decreed by God, such as the Contact Prayer.

[40:73] They will be asked, "Where are the idols you used to worship,

ثُمَّthummaThenقِيلَqīlait was saidلَهُمْlahumto them,أَيْنَayna"Whereمَاmāwhatكُنتُمْkuntumyou [all] used toتُشْرِكُونَtush'rikūna[you all] associate / idolize (worship), ﴿٧٣﴾

[40:74] "beside GOD?" They will say, "They have abandoned us. In fact, when we worshiped them, we were worshiping nothing." Thus does GOD send the disbelievers astray.

مِنmin"fromدُونِdūniother thanٱللَّهِl-lahiGod?"قَالُوا۟qālūThey said,ضَلُّوا۟ḍallū"They disappeared / abandonedعَنَّاʿannāfrom us.بَلbalNay!لَّمْlamNotنَكُنnakunwe used toنَّدْعُوا۟nadʿūwe call / invoke / worshipمِنminfromقَبْلُqablubeforeشَيْـًٔاshayananything."كَذَٰلِكَkadhālikaThusيُضِلُّyuḍillu[He] sends astrayٱللَّهُl-lahuGodٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَl-kāfirīnathe disbelievers. ﴿٧٤﴾

[40:75] This is because you used to rejoice in false doctrines, on earth, and you used to promote them.

ذَٰلِكُمdhālikum"That [you all] (was)بِمَاbimābecauseكُنتُمْkuntumyou [all] used toتَفْرَحُونَtafraḥūna[you all] rejoicingفِىfīinٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe earthبِغَيْرِbighayrifor other thanٱلْحَقِّl-ḥaqithe right / the justiceوَبِمَاwabimāand becauseكُنتُمْkuntumyou [all] used toتَمْرَحُونَtamraḥūna[you all] promote without justification. ﴿٧٥﴾

[40:76] Enter the gates of Gehenna, wherein you abide forever. What a miserable destiny for the arrogant ones.

ٱدْخُلُوٓا۟ud'khulūEnter [you all]أَبْوَٰبَabwāba(the) gates (of)جَهَنَّمَjahannamaGehennaخَـٰلِدِينَkhālidīna[ones] abiding foreverفِيهَاfīhāin it.فَبِئْسَfabi'saAnd miserable (is)مَثْوَىmathwā(the) abode / destiny (of)ٱلْمُتَكَبِّرِينَl-mutakabirīnathe arrogant [ones]." ﴿٧٦﴾

[40:77] You shall be patient, for GOD's promise is truth. Whether we show you some of (the retribution) we have promised for them, or terminate your life before that, they will be returned to us.

فَٱصْبِرْfa-iṣ'birSo be patient;إِنَّinnaindeed,وَعْدَwaʿda(the) promise (of)ٱللَّهِl-lahiGod (is)حَقٌّḥaqquntrue.فَإِمَّاfa-immāAnd whetherنُرِيَنَّكَnuriyannakawe will show youبَعْضَbaʿḍasomeٱلَّذِىalladhī(of) whichنَعِدُهُمْnaʿiduhumwe promised themأَوْaworنَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَnatawaffayannakawe will cause you to die,فَإِلَيْنَاfa-ilaynāthen to usيُرْجَعُونَyur'jaʿūnathey will return. ﴿٧٧﴾

[40:78] We have sent messengers before you - some of them we mentioned to you, and some we did not mention to you. No messenger can produce any miracle without GOD's authorization.* Once GOD's judgment is issued, the truth dominates, and the falsifiers are exposed and humiliated.

وَلَقَدْwalaqadAnd certainlyأَرْسَلْنَاarsalnāwe sentرُسُلًاrusulanmessengersمِّنminfromقَبْلِكَqablikabefore you.مِنْهُمmin'humAmong them (are)مَّنmanwhoقَصَصْنَاqaṣaṣnāwe (have) mentioned / narratedعَلَيْكَʿalaykato you,وَمِنْهُمwamin'humand among them (are)مَّنmanwhoلَّمْlamnotنَقْصُصْnaqṣuṣwe mentionعَلَيْكَʿalaykato you.وَمَاwamāAnd notكَانَkānait wasلِرَسُولٍlirasūlinfor any messengerأَنanthatيَأْتِىَyatiyahe bringsبِـَٔايَةٍbiāyatinof a sign / miracleإِلَّاillāexceptبِإِذْنِbi-idh'niby (the) permission / authorizationٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God.فَإِذَاfa-idhāSo whenجَآءَjāa[it] cameأَمْرُamru(the) command / decision / judgmentٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God,قُضِىَquḍiyait was decidedبِٱلْحَقِّbil-ḥaqiin the truth (*truthfully),وَخَسِرَwakhasiraand [he] incurred lossهُنَالِكَhunālikathere and thenٱلْمُبْطِلُونَl-mub'ṭilūnathe falsifiers. ﴿٧٨﴾

*40:78 We learn from 17:45-46, 18:57, and 56:79 that the unbelievers have no access to the Quran; only the believers and the sincere seekers are permitted by God to understand it. The Quran's mathematical code, "One of the great miracles" (74:30-35), was authorized by God, and revealed through His Messenger of the Covenant (Appendix 2).

[40:79] GOD is the One who created the livestock for you; some you ride, and some you eat.

ٱللَّهُal-lahuGod (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoجَعَلَjaʿalaHe madeلَكُمُlakumufor you [all]ٱلْأَنْعَـٰمَl-anʿāmathe livestock,لِتَرْكَبُوا۟litarkabūthat you [all] may rideمِنْهَاmin'hāsome of them,وَمِنْهَاwamin'hāand some of themتَأْكُلُونَtakulūnayou [all] eat. ﴿٧٩﴾

[40:80] They also provide you with additional benefits that satisfy many of your needs. On them, as well as on the ships, you are carried.

وَلَكُمْwalakumAnd for you [all]فِيهَاfīhāin them (are)مَنَـٰفِعُmanāfiʿubenefitsوَلِتَبْلُغُوا۟walitablughūand that you [all] may reachعَلَيْهَاʿalayhāover itحَاجَةًḥājatana needفِىfī(that is) inصُدُورِكُمْṣudūrikumyour hearts / minds;وَعَلَيْهَاwaʿalayhāand upon themوَعَلَىwaʿalāand uponٱلْفُلْكِl-ful'kithe shipsتُحْمَلُونَtuḥ'malūnayou [all] are carried. ﴿٨٠﴾

[40:81] He thus shows you His proofs. Which of GOD's proofs can you deny?

وَيُرِيكُمْwayurīkumAnd He shows you [all]ءَايَـٰتِهِۦāyātihiHis signs / proofs.فَأَىَّfa-ayyaThen which (of)ءَايَـٰتِāyāti(the) signs / proofsٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Godتُنكِرُونَtunkirūna(will) you [all] not recognize / deny? ﴿٨١﴾

[40:82] Have they not roamed the earth and noted the consequences for those who preceded them? They used to be greater in number, greater in power, and possessed a greater legacy on earth. Yet, all their achievements did not help them in the least.

أَفَلَمْafalamThen did notيَسِيرُوا۟yasīrū[they] travel / roamفِىfīthroughٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe landفَيَنظُرُوا۟fayanẓurūand they seeكَيْفَkayfahowكَانَkānawasعَـٰقِبَةُʿāqibatu(the) end / consequence (for)ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoمِنminfromقَبْلِهِمْqablihimbefore them?كَانُوٓا۟kānūThey wereأَكْثَرَaktharamore numerousمِنْهُمْmin'humthan themوَأَشَدَّwa-ashaddaand mightierقُوَّةًquwwatan(in) strengthوَءَاثَارًاwaāthāranand impressions / legacyفِىfīinٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe land,فَمَآfamābut notأَغْنَىٰaghnāit availed / helpedعَنْهُمʿanhum[for] themمَّاmāwhatكَانُوا۟kānūthey used toيَكْسِبُونَyaksibūna[they] earn. ﴿٨٢﴾

[40:83] When their messengers went to them with clear proofs, they rejoiced in the knowledge they had inherited, and the very things they ridiculed were the cause of their fall.

فَلَمَّاfalammāThen whenجَآءَتْهُمْjāathum[it] came to themرُسُلُهُمrusuluhumtheir messengersبِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِbil-bayinātiwith the clear proofsفَرِحُوا۟fariḥūthey rejoicedبِمَاbimāin what (is)عِندَهُمʿindahumwith themمِّنَminaofٱلْعِلْمِl-ʿil'mithe knowledge,وَحَاقَwaḥāqaand it surroundedبِهِمbihimthemمَّاmāwhatكَانُوا۟kānūthey used toبِهِۦbihiat itيَسْتَهْزِءُونَyastahziūna[they] mock. ﴿٨٣﴾

[40:84] Subsequently, when they saw our retribution they said, "Now we believe in GOD ALONE, and we now disbelieve in the idol worship that we used to practice."

فَلَمَّاfalammāSo whenرَأَوْا۟ra-awthey sawبَأْسَنَاbasanāour punishment / retributionقَالُوٓا۟qālūthey said,ءَامَنَّاāmannā"We believedبِٱللَّهِbil-lahiin GodوَحْدَهُۥwaḥdahuAloneوَكَفَرْنَاwakafarnāand we disbelievedبِمَاbimāin whatكُنَّاkunnāwe used toبِهِۦbihiwith Himمُشْرِكِينَmush'rikīnathose who associate partners." ﴿٨٤﴾

[40:85] Their belief then could not help them in the least, once they saw our retribution. Such is GOD's system that has been established to deal with His creatures; the disbelievers are always doomed.

فَلَمْfalamBut notيَكُyakuit [will be]يَنفَعُهُمْyanfaʿuhum[it] benefits themإِيمَـٰنُهُمْīmānuhumtheir faithلَمَّاlammāwhenرَأَوْا۟ra-awthey sawبَأْسَنَاbasanāour punishment / retribution.سُنَّتَsunnata(Such is the) sunnah / systemٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Godٱلَّتِىallatīwhichقَدْqadindeedخَلَتْkhalatit passedفِىfīamongعِبَادِهِۦʿibādihiHis servants (creatures).وَخَسِرَwakhasiraand [he] incurred lossهُنَالِكَhunālikathere and thenٱلْكَـٰفِرُونَl-kāfirūnathe disbelievers. ﴿٨٥﴾

Sura 40: Ghãfer (Forgiver) غافر

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