Sura 30: Al-Room (The Romans) الروم
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Ghunnah / ikhfa (nasal)
Qalqala (echo)
Tafkhim (heavy)
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Definite article (ال)
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In the name of GOD, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
بِسْمِbis'miIn (the) nameٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God,ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِl-raḥmāniMost Gracious,ٱلرَّحِيمِl-raḥīmiMost Merciful.
[30:1] A. L. M.*
الٓمٓalif-lam-meemA.L.M. ﴿١﴾
*30:1 See Appendix 1 for the detailed explanation of these previously mysterious initials.
[30:2] Certainly, the Romans will be defeated.
غُلِبَتِghulibati[It] were overcame / defeatedٱلرُّومُl-rūmuthe Romans. ﴿٢﴾
[30:3] In the nearest land. After their defeat, they will rise again and win.
فِىٓfīInأَدْنَىadnā(the) lowest / nearestٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe land / earth.وَهُمwahumBut they,مِّنۢminfromبَعْدِbaʿdiafterغَلَبِهِمْghalabihimtheir defeat,سَيَغْلِبُونَsayaghlibūna[they] will overcome. ﴿٣﴾
[30:4] Within several years. Such is GOD's decision, both in the first prophecy, and the second. On that day, the believers shall rejoice
فِىfīWithinبِضْعِbiḍ'ʿia fewسِنِينَsinīnayears.لِلَّهِlillahiFor God (is)ٱلْأَمْرُl-amruthe command / decisionمِنminfromقَبْلُqablubeforeوَمِنۢwaminand fromبَعْدُbaʿduafter.وَيَوْمَئِذٍwayawma-idhinAnd that dayيَفْرَحُyafraḥu[he] will rejoiceٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَl-mu'minūnathe believers ﴿٤﴾
[30:5] in GOD's victory. He grants victory to whomever He wills. He is the Almighty, Most Merciful.
بِنَصْرِbinaṣriin (the) help / victoryٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God.يَنصُرُyanṣuruHe helps / grants victoryمَنmanwhomيَشَآءُyashāuHe wills.وَهُوَwahuwaAnd He (is)ٱلْعَزِيزُl-ʿazīzuthe Almighty,ٱلرَّحِيمُl-raḥīmuMost Merciful. ﴿٥﴾
Preoccupation With the Wrong Life
[30:6] Such is GOD's promise - and GOD never breaks His promise - but most people do not know.
وَعْدَwaʿda(The) promiseٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God.لَاlāNotيُخْلِفُyukh'lifu[He] breaks [His promise]ٱللَّهُl-lahuGodوَعْدَهُۥwaʿdahuHis promise,وَلَـٰكِنَّwalākinnabutأَكْثَرَaktharamost (of)ٱلنَّاسِl-nāsi[the] peopleلَاlā(do) notيَعْلَمُونَyaʿlamūna[they] know. ﴿٦﴾
[30:7] They care only about things of this world that are visible to them, while being totally oblivious to the Hereafter.
يَعْلَمُونَyaʿlamūnaThey knowظَـٰهِرًاẓāhiran(the) apparent / visibleمِّنَminaofٱلْحَيَوٰةِl-ḥayatithe life (of)ٱلدُّنْيَاl-dun'yāthe world,وَهُمْwahumbut they,عَنِʿaniaboutٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِl-ākhiratithe Hereafter,هُمْhum[they] (are)غَـٰفِلُونَghāfilūna[ones] heedless / oblivious. ﴿٧﴾
[30:8] Why do they not reflect on themselves? GOD did not create the heavens and the earth, and everything between them, except for a specific purpose, and for a specific life span. However, most people, with regard to meeting their Lord, are disbelievers.
أَوَلَمْawalamDo notيَتَفَكَّرُوا۟yatafakkarūthey reflectفِىٓfīwithinأَنفُسِهِمanfusihimthemselves?مَّاmāNotخَلَقَkhalaqa[He] createdٱللَّهُl-lahuGod ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِl-samāwātithe heavensوَٱلْأَرْضَwal-arḍaand the earth,وَمَاwamāand what (is)بَيْنَهُمَآbaynahumābetween both of themإِلَّاillāexceptبِٱلْحَقِّbil-ḥaqiin the truth (*truthfully)وَأَجَلٍwa-ajalinand (for) an appointed termمُّسَمًّىmusammanpredetermined / specified.وَإِنَّwa-innaAnd indeed,كَثِيرًاkathīranmanyمِّنَminaofٱلنَّاسِl-nāsithe people (are)بِلِقَآئِbiliqāiin meeting (with)رَبِّهِمْrabbihimtheir Lord (are)لَكَـٰفِرُونَlakāfirūnasurely disbelievers. ﴿٨﴾
[30:9] Have they not roamed the earth and noted the consequences for those who preceded them? They used to be more powerful, more prosperous, and more productive on earth. Their messengers went to them with clear signs. Consequently, GOD was not the One who wronged them, they are the ones who wronged their own souls.
أَوَلَمْawalamDid notيَسِيرُوا۟yasīrūthey travelفِىfīinٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe earthفَيَنظُرُوا۟fayanẓurūand they observe / seeكَيْفَkayfahowكَانَkāna[it] wasعَـٰقِبَةُʿāqibatu(the) end / consequence (for)ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathoseمِنminfromقَبْلِهِمْqablihimbefore them?كَانُوٓا۟kānūThey wereأَشَدَّashaddamightier / more powerfulمِنْهُمْmin'humthan themقُوَّةًquwwatan(in) strength,وَأَثَارُوا۟wa-athārūand they stirred up / broke up / ploughedٱلْأَرْضَl-arḍathe earthوَعَمَرُوهَآwaʿamarūhāand they populated it / cultivated it / made it prosperous / built itأَكْثَرَaktharamoreمِمَّاmimmāthan whatعَمَرُوهَاʿamarūhāthey populated it / cultivated it / made it prosperous / built it.وَجَآءَتْهُمْwajāathumAnd [it] came to themرُسُلُهُمrusuluhumtheir messengersبِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِbil-bayinātiwith the clear signs.فَمَاfamāSo notكَانَkāna[He] wasٱللَّهُl-lahuGodلِيَظْلِمَهُمْliyaẓlimahumthat He wrongs themوَلَـٰكِنwalākinbutكَانُوٓا۟kānūthey were (to)أَنفُسَهُمْanfusahumthemselvesيَظْلِمُونَyaẓlimūna[they] do wrong. ﴿٩﴾
[30:10] The consequences for those who committed evil had to be evil. That is because they rejected GOD's revelations, and ridiculed them.
ثُمَّthummaThenكَانَkāna[it] wasعَـٰقِبَةَʿāqibata(the) end / result / consequenceٱلَّذِينَalladhīna(of) those whoأَسَـٰٓـُٔوا۟asāūthey did / committed evil (is)ٱلسُّوٓأَىٰٓl-sūā[the] evil,أَنanbecauseكَذَّبُوا۟kadhabūthey denied / rejectedبِـَٔايَـٰتِbiāyātiin (the) signs / revelationsٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Godوَكَانُوا۟wakānūand they wereبِهَاbihāin themيَسْتَهْزِءُونَyastahziūna[they] mocking / ridiculing. ﴿١٠﴾
Idol Worshipers Disown Their Idols
[30:11] GOD is the One who initiates the creation and repeats it. Ultimately, you will be returned to Him.
ٱللَّهُal-lahuGodيَبْدَؤُا۟yabda-u[He] initiatesٱلْخَلْقَl-khalqathe creation,ثُمَّthummathenيُعِيدُهُۥyuʿīduhuHe repeats it,ثُمَّthummathenإِلَيْهِilayhito Himتُرْجَعُونَtur'jaʿūnayou [all] will return. ﴿١١﴾
[30:12] On the Day when the Hour comes to pass, the guilty will be shocked.
وَيَوْمَwayawmaAnd (the) Dayتَقُومُtaqūmu[it] will be establishedٱلسَّاعَةُl-sāʿatuthe Hour,يُبْلِسُyub'lisu[he] will be dumbstruck / shocked,ٱلْمُجْرِمُونَl-muj'rimūnathe guilty ones. ﴿١٢﴾
[30:13] Their idols will have no power to intercede on their behalf; on the contrary, they will disown their idols.
وَلَمْwalamAnd notيَكُنyakunit will beلَّهُمlahumfor themمِّنminamongشُرَكَآئِهِمْshurakāihimtheirs partners / idolsشُفَعَـٰٓؤُا۟shufaʿāu(any) intercessorsوَكَانُوا۟wakānūand they wereبِشُرَكَآئِهِمْbishurakāihimin their partners / idolsكَـٰفِرِينَkāfirīnadisbelievers. ﴿١٣﴾
[30:14] On the day when the Hour comes to pass, they will part company.
وَيَوْمَwayawmaAnd (the) Dayتَقُومُtaqūmu[it] will be establishedٱلسَّاعَةُl-sāʿatuthe Hour,يَوْمَئِذٍyawma-idhinthat Dayيَتَفَرَّقُونَyatafarraqūnathey will be separated. ﴿١٤﴾
[30:15] As for those who believe and lead a righteous life, they will be in Paradise, rejoicing.
فَأَمَّاfa-ammāThen as forٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoءَامَنُوا۟āmanū[they] believedوَعَمِلُوا۟waʿamilūand [they] didٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِl-ṣāliḥāti[the] righteous deeds,فَهُمْfahumso theyفِىfīinرَوْضَةٍrawḍatina flourishing garden (Paradise)يُحْبَرُونَyuḥ'barūnathey will be delighted / rejoicing. ﴿١٥﴾
[30:16] As for those who disbelieve, and reject our revelations and the meeting of the Hereafter, they will last in the retribution forever.
وَأَمَّاwa-ammāBut as forٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoكَفَرُوا۟kafarū[they] disbelievedوَكَذَّبُوا۟wakadhabūand they denied / rejectedبِـَٔايَـٰتِنَاbiāyātināin our signs / revelationsوَلِقَآئِwaliqāiand (the) meeting (of)ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِl-ākhiratithe Hereafter,فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَfa-ulāikathen thoseفِىfīinٱلْعَذَابِl-ʿadhābithe retributionمُحْضَرُونَmuḥ'ḍarūna(will be) ones who are brought forth / presented. ﴿١٦﴾
Remember God, Always
[30:17] Therefore, you shall glorify GOD when you retire at night, and when you rise in the morning.
فَسُبْحَـٰنَfasub'ḥānaSo glorifyٱللَّهِl-lahiGodحِينَḥīnawhenتُمْسُونَtum'sūnayou [all] reach the evening / retire at nightوَحِينَwaḥīnaand whenتُصْبِحُونَtuṣ'biḥūnayou [all] rise in the morning. ﴿١٧﴾
[30:18] All praise is due to Him in the heavens and the earth, throughout the evening, as well as in the middle of your day.
وَلَهُwalahuAnd for Him (is)ٱلْحَمْدُl-ḥamduall praiseفِىfīinٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِl-samāwātithe heavensوَٱلْأَرْضِwal-arḍiand the earthوَعَشِيًّاwaʿashiyyanand (at) night / eveningوَحِينَwaḥīnaand whenتُظْهِرُونَtuẓ'hirūnayou [all] are at noon / middle of your day. ﴿١٨﴾
[30:19] He produces the live from the dead, and produces the dead from the live, and He revives the land after it had died; you are similarly resurrected.
يُخْرِجُyukh'rijuHe producesٱلْحَىَّl-ḥayathe livingمِنَminafromٱلْمَيِّتِl-mayitithe deadوَيُخْرِجُwayukh'rijuand He producesٱلْمَيِّتَl-mayitathe deadمِنَminafromٱلْحَىِّl-ḥayithe living,وَيُحْىِwayuḥ'yīand He gives life (to)ٱلْأَرْضَl-arḍathe earthبَعْدَbaʿdaafterمَوْتِهَاmawtihāits death,وَكَذَٰلِكَwakadhālikaand thusتُخْرَجُونَtukh'rajūnayou [all] will be brought out (resurrected). ﴿١٩﴾
Marriage: A Divine Institution
[30:20] Among His proofs is that He created you from dust, then you became reproducing humans.
وَمِنْwaminAnd amongءَايَـٰتِهِۦٓāyātihiHis signs / proofs (is)أَنْanthatخَلَقَكُمkhalaqakumHe created you [all]مِّنminfromتُرَابٍturābindustثُمَّthummathenإِذَآidhābehold!أَنتُمantumYou [all] (are)بَشَرٌbasharunhuman beingsتَنتَشِرُونَtantashirūna[you all] dispersing / reproducing. ﴿٢٠﴾
[30:21] Among His proofs is that He created for you spouses from among yourselves, in order to have tranquility and contentment with each other, and He placed in your hearts love and care towards your spouses. In this, there are sufficient proofs for people who think.
وَمِنْwaminAnd amongءَايَـٰتِهِۦٓāyātihiHis signs / proofsأَنْan(is) thatخَلَقَkhalaqaHe createdلَكُمlakumfor you [all]مِّنْminfromأَنفُسِكُمْanfusikumyourselvesأَزْوَٰجًاazwājanspousesلِّتَسْكُنُوٓا۟litaskunūthat you [all] may find tranquility / contentmentإِلَيْهَاilayhāin them;وَجَعَلَwajaʿalaand He placedبَيْنَكُمbaynakumbetween you [all]مَّوَدَّةًmawaddatanloveوَرَحْمَةًwaraḥmatanand mercy / care.إِنَّinnaIndeed,فِىfīinذَٰلِكَdhālikathat (are)لَـَٔايَـٰتٍlaāyātinsurely signs / proofsلِّقَوْمٍliqawminfor a people (who)يَتَفَكَّرُونَyatafakkarūna[they] reflect / think. ﴿٢١﴾
More Proofs
[30:22] Among His proofs are the creation of the heavens and the earth, and the variations in your languages and your colors. In these, there are signs for the knowledgeable.
وَمِنْwaminAnd amongءَايَـٰتِهِۦāyātihiHis signs / proofs (is)خَلْقُkhalqu(the) creation (of)ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِl-samāwātithe heavensوَٱلْأَرْضِwal-arḍiand the earth,وَٱخْتِلَـٰفُwa-ikh'tilāfuand diversity / variation (in)أَلْسِنَتِكُمْalsinatikumyour languagesوَأَلْوَٰنِكُمْwa-alwānikumand your colors.إِنَّinnaIndeed,فِىfīinذَٰلِكَdhālikathat (are)لَـَٔايَـٰتٍlaāyātinsurely signs لِّلْعَـٰلِمِينَlil'ʿālimīnafor the knowledgeable [ones]. ﴿٢٢﴾
[30:23] Among His proofs is your sleeping during the night or the day, and your working in pursuit of His provisions. In this, there are sufficient proofs for people who can hear.
وَمِنْwaminAnd amongءَايَـٰتِهِۦāyātihiHis signs / proofs (is)مَنَامُكُمmanāmukumyour sleepبِٱلَّيْلِbi-al-layliin [the] nightوَٱلنَّهَارِwal-nahāriand the dayوَٱبْتِغَآؤُكُمwa-ib'tighāukum[and] your seekingمِّنminofفَضْلِهِۦٓfaḍlihiHis bounty / provisions.إِنَّinnaIndeed,فِىfīinذَٰلِكَdhālikathat (are)لَـَٔايَـٰتٍlaāyātinsurely signs / proofsلِّقَوْمٍliqawminfor a peopleيَسْمَعُونَyasmaʿūnathey listen / hear. ﴿٢٣﴾
[30:24] Among His proofs is that He shows you the lightning as a source of fear, as well as hope, then He sends down from the sky water to revive a land that has been dead. In these, there are sufficient proofs for people who understand.
وَمِنْwaminAnd amongءَايَـٰتِهِۦāyātihiHis signs / proofsيُرِيكُمُyurīkumuHe shows you [all]ٱلْبَرْقَl-barqathe lightningخَوْفًاkhawfan(causing) fearوَطَمَعًاwaṭamaʿanand hope,وَيُنَزِّلُwayunazziluand He sends downمِنَminafromٱلسَّمَآءِl-samāithe skyمَآءًmāanwaterفَيُحْىِۦfayuḥ'yīthen He gives lifeبِهِbihithereby (to)ٱلْأَرْضَl-arḍathe earthبَعْدَbaʿdaafterمَوْتِهَآmawtihāits death.إِنَّinnaIndeed,فِىfīinذَٰلِكَdhālikathat (are)لَـَٔايَـٰتٍlaāyātinsurely signs / proofsلِّقَوْمٍliqawminfor a peopleيَعْقِلُونَyaʿqilūnathey understand. ﴿٢٤﴾
[30:25] Among His proofs is that the heaven and the earth are standing at His disposal. Finally, when He calls you out of the earth, one call, you will immediately come out.
وَمِنْwaminAnd amongءَايَـٰتِهِۦٓāyātihiHis signs / proofsأَنan(is) thatتَقُومَtaqūma[it] standsٱلسَّمَآءُl-samāuthe heavenوَٱلْأَرْضُwal-arḍuand the earthبِأَمْرِهِۦbi-amrihiby His command.ثُمَّthummaThenإِذَاidhāwhen [in the future]دَعَاكُمْdaʿākumHe called you [all]دَعْوَةًdaʿwatan(with) a call,مِّنَminafromٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe earth,إِذَآidhābehold!أَنتُمْantumYou [all]تَخْرُجُونَtakhrujūna[you all] will come out. ﴿٢٥﴾
[30:26] To Him belongs everyone in the heavens and the earth; all are subservient to Him.
وَلَهُۥwalahuAnd to Him (belongs)مَنmanwhoeverفِىfī(is) inٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِl-samāwātithe heavensوَٱلْأَرْضِwal-arḍiand the earth.كُلٌّkullunAllلَّهُۥlahuto Him (are)قَـٰنِتُونَqānitūnaobedient / subservient [ones]. ﴿٢٦﴾
[30:27] And He is the One who initiates the creation, then repeats it; this is even easier for Him. To Him belongs the most sublime similitude, in the heavens and the earth, and He is the Almighty, Most Wise.
وَهُوَwahuwaAnd He (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoيَبْدَؤُا۟yabda-u[He] initiatesٱلْخَلْقَl-khalqathe creationثُمَّthummathenيُعِيدُهُۥyuʿīduhu[He] repeats it,وَهُوَwahuwaand it (is)أَهْوَنُahwanumore insignificant / simpler / easierعَلَيْهِʿalayhifor Him.وَلَهُwalahuAnd for Him (is)ٱلْمَثَلُl-mathaluthe similitudeٱلْأَعْلَىٰl-aʿlāthe sublime / highestفِىfīinٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِl-samāwātithe heavensوَٱلْأَرْضِwal-arḍiand the earth.وَهُوَwahuwaAnd He (is)ٱلْعَزِيزُl-ʿazīzuthe Almighty,ٱلْحَكِيمُl-ḥakīmuMost Wise. ﴿٢٧﴾
Absurdity of Idol Worship
[30:28] He cites for you herein an example from among yourselves: Do you ever elevate your servants or subordinates to the level where they rival you, and to the point that you pay them as much allegiance as is being paid to you? We thus explain the revelations for people who understand.
ضَرَبَḍarabaHe sets forth / citesلَكُمlakumfor you [all]مَّثَلًاmathalanan exampleمِّنْminfromأَنفُسِكُمْanfusikumyourselves.هَلhalIsلَّكُمlakumfor you [all]مِّنminamongمَّاmāwhatمَلَكَتْmalakat[it] possessed / owned / controlled*أَيْمَـٰنُكُمaymānukumyour right hands / oaths (*servants or subordinates)مِّنminanyشُرَكَآءَshurakāapartnersفِىfīinمَاmāwhatرَزَقْنَـٰكُمْrazaqnākumwe provided you [all],فَأَنتُمْfa-antumso you [all] (are)فِيهِfīhiin itسَوَآءٌsawāonequal,تَخَافُونَهُمْtakhāfūnahumyou [all] fear / pay allegiance to themكَخِيفَتِكُمْkakhīfatikumlike you [all] fear / pay allegianceأَنفُسَكُمْanfusakumyourselves?كَذَٰلِكَkadhālikaThusنُفَصِّلُnufaṣṣiluwe explainٱلْـَٔايَـٰتِl-āyātithe verses / revelationsلِقَوْمٍliqawminfor a peopleيَعْقِلُونَyaʿqilūnathey understand. ﴿٢٨﴾
[30:29] Indeed, the transgressors have followed their own opinions, without knowledge. Who then can guide those who have been sent astray by GOD? No one can ever help them.
بَلِbaliNay / In fact,ٱتَّبَعَittabaʿahe followedٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoظَلَمُوٓا۟ẓalamū[they] did wrong / transgressed,أَهْوَآءَهُمahwāahumtheir desires / opinions,بِغَيْرِbighayri[for] withoutعِلْمٍʿil'minknowledge.فَمَنfamanThen whoيَهْدِىyahdī[he] guidesمَنْman(one) whomأَضَلَّaḍalla[He] misled,ٱللَّهُl-lahuGod?وَمَاwamāAnd notلَهُمlahumfor themمِّنminanyنَّـٰصِرِينَnāṣirīnahelpers. ﴿٢٩﴾
Monotheism: Natural Instinct*
[30:30] Therefore, you shall devote yourself to the religion of strict monotheism. Such is the natural instinct placed into the people by GOD. Such creation of GOD will never change. This is the perfect religion, but most people do not know.
فَأَقِمْfa-aqimSo setوَجْهَكَwajhakayour face / focus / whole being / devotionلِلدِّينِlilddīnito the religion (of)حَنِيفًاḥanīfanmonotheism.فِطْرَتَfiṭ'rataNatural instinctٱللَّهِl-lahi(made by) Godٱلَّتِىallatī(upon) whichفَطَرَfaṭaraHe created / initiatedٱلنَّاسَl-nāsathe peopleعَلَيْهَاʿalayhā[on it].لَاlāNoتَبْدِيلَtabdīla[it] changeلِخَلْقِlikhalqifor (the) creationٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God.ذَٰلِكَdhālikaThat (is)ٱلدِّينُl-dīnuthe religionٱلْقَيِّمُl-qayimuthe right / perfect,وَلَـٰكِنَّwalākinnabutأَكْثَرَaktharamostٱلنَّاسِl-nāsi[the] peopleلَاlā(do) notيَعْلَمُونَyaʿlamūna[they] know. ﴿٣٠﴾
*30:30 Recognizing God ALONE as our Lord and Master is a natural instinct. We are born into this world with such an instinct. See 7:172-173 and Appendix 7.
[30:31] You shall submit to Him, reverence Him, observe the Contact Prayers (Salat), and - whatever you do - do not ever fall into idol worship.
مُنِيبِينَmunībīnaThose who submit / turn (to God) in repentance repeatedly with sincere deedsإِلَيْهِilayhito Him,وَٱتَّقُوهُwa-ittaqūhuand reverence Him [you all]وَأَقِيمُوا۟wa-aqīmūand observe [you all]ٱلصَّلَوٰةَl-ṣalatathe Contact Prayer (Salat)وَلَاwalāand (do) notتَكُونُوا۟takūnū[you all] beمِنَminaofٱلْمُشْرِكِينَl-mush'rikīnathe polytheists / idol worshipers. ﴿٣١﴾
Sectarianism Condemned
[30:32] (Do not fall in idol worship,) like those who divide their religion into sects; each party rejoicing with what they have.
مِنَminaOfٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoفَرَّقُوا۟farraqū[they] dividedدِينَهُمْdīnahumtheir religionوَكَانُوا۟wakānūand they becameشِيَعًاshiyaʿansects,كُلُّkullueachحِزْبٍۭḥiz'binpartyبِمَاbimāin whatلَدَيْهِمْladayhimwith themفَرِحُونَfariḥūna[ones] rejoicing. ﴿٣٢﴾
Bad Weather Friends
[30:33] When adversity afflicts the people, they turn to their Lord, totally devoting themselves to Him. But then, as soon as He showers them with mercy, some of them revert to idol worship.*
وَإِذَاwa-idhāAnd whenمَسَّmassa[it] touched / afflictedٱلنَّاسَl-nāsa[the] peopleضُرٌّḍurrunadversityدَعَوْا۟daʿawthey imploredرَبَّهُمrabbahumtheir Lordمُّنِيبِينَmunībīnathose who are totally devoted / who turn (to God) in repentance repeatedly with sincere deedsإِلَيْهِilayhito Him.ثُمَّthummaThenإِذَآidhāwhenأَذَاقَهُمadhāqahumHe caused them to tasteمِّنْهُmin'hufrom Himرَحْمَةًraḥmatanmercyإِذَاidhābehold!فَرِيقٌfarīqunA groupمِّنْهُمmin'humof themبِرَبِّهِمْbirabbihimwith their Lordيُشْرِكُونَyush'rikūna[they] associate partners / idols. ﴿٣٣﴾
*30:33 A common example is the classified advertisements we note in the newspapers, placed by people thanking St. Jude for healing them. Before undergoing surgery, they sincerely implore God to heal them. But as soon as the surgery succeeds, they thank St. Jude!!!
[30:34] Let them be unappreciative of what we have given them. Enjoy temporarily; you will surely find out.
لِيَكْفُرُوا۟liyakfurūSo that they may disbelieve / be unappreciativeبِمَآbimāin whatءَاتَيْنَـٰهُمْātaynāhumwe gave them.فَتَمَتَّعُوا۟fatamattaʿūThen you [all] enjoy,فَسَوْفَfasawfabut soonتَعْلَمُونَtaʿlamūnayou [all] will know. ﴿٣٤﴾
[30:35] Have we given them authorization that justifies their idolatry?
أَمْamOr haveأَنزَلْنَاanzalnāwe sentعَلَيْهِمْʿalayhimto themسُلْطَـٰنًاsul'ṭānanan authorityفَهُوَfahuwaand itيَتَكَلَّمُyatakallamu[it] speaks / justifiesبِمَاbimāin whatكَانُوا۟kānūthey used toبِهِۦbihiwith Himيُشْرِكُونَyush'rikūnathey associate? ﴿٣٥﴾
[30:36] When we bestow mercy upon the people, they rejoice therein. But when adversity befalls them, as a consequence of their own works, they become despondent.
وَإِذَآwa-idhāAnd whenأَذَقْنَاadhaqnāwe caused to tasteٱلنَّاسَl-nāsathe peopleرَحْمَةًraḥmatanmercy,فَرِحُوا۟fariḥūthey rejoicedبِهَاbihātherein.وَإِنwa-inBut ifتُصِبْهُمْtuṣib'humit befalls themسَيِّئَةٌۢsayyi-atunan evil / adversityبِمَاbimāfor whatقَدَّمَتْqaddamat[it] sent forthأَيْدِيهِمْaydīhimtheir hands,إِذَاidhābehold!هُمْhumTheyيَقْنَطُونَyaqnaṭūna[they] become despondent. ﴿٣٦﴾
[30:37] Do they not realize that GOD increases the provision for whomever He wills, or reduces it? These should be lessons for people who believe.
أَوَلَمْawalamDo notيَرَوْا۟yarawthey seeأَنَّannathatٱللَّهَl-lahaGodيَبْسُطُyabsuṭu[He] increasesٱلرِّزْقَl-riz'qathe provisionلِمَنlimanfor whomيَشَآءُyashāuHe willsوَيَقْدِرُwayaqdiruand He restricts (it).إِنَّinnaIndeed,فِىfīinذَٰلِكَdhālikathat (are)لَـَٔايَـٰتٍlaāyātinsurely signs / proofs / lessonsلِّقَوْمٍliqawminfor a people (who)يُؤْمِنُونَyu'minūna[they] believe. ﴿٣٧﴾
[30:38] Therefore, you shall give the relatives their rightful share (of charity), as well as the poor, and the traveling alien. This is better for those who sincerely seek GOD's pleasure; they are the winners.
فَـَٔاتِfaātiSo giveذَاdhāofٱلْقُرْبَىٰl-qur'bāthe relativesحَقَّهُۥḥaqqahuhis right / dueوَٱلْمِسْكِينَwal-mis'kīnaand the poorوَٱبْنَwa-ib'naand son (of)*ٱلسَّبِيلِl-sabīlithe path / road (*and the traveling alien).ذَٰلِكَdhālikaThat (is)خَيْرٌkhayrunbest / betterلِّلَّذِينَlilladhīnafor those whoيُرِيدُونَyurīdūnathey desireوَجْهَwajha(the) face (pleasure)ٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God.وَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَwa-ulāikaAnd those,هُمُhumuthey (are)ٱلْمُفْلِحُونَl-muf'liḥūnathe successful ones. ﴿٣٨﴾
[30:39] The usury that is practiced to increase some people's wealth, does not gain anything at GOD. But if you give to charity, seeking GOD's pleasure, these are the ones who receive their reward manifold.
وَمَآwamāAnd whatءَاتَيْتُمātaytumyou [all] gave / committed / perpetratedمِّنminforرِّبًاribanusuryلِّيَرْبُوَا۟liyarbuwāthat [it] may increaseفِىٓfīinأَمْوَٰلِamwāliwealth (of)ٱلنَّاسِl-nāsithe people,فَلَاfalābut notيَرْبُوا۟yarbūit increasesعِندَʿindaatٱللَّهِl-lahiGod.وَمَآwamāBut whatءَاتَيْتُمātaytumyou [all] committed / gaveمِّنminofزَكَوٰةٍzakatinpurity / charityتُرِيدُونَturīdūna[you all] seek / desireوَجْهَwajha(the) face (pleasure)ٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God,فَأُو۟لَـٰٓئِكَfa-ulāikathen thoseهُمُhumuthey (are)ٱلْمُضْعِفُونَl-muḍ'ʿifūnathe ones who receive manifold. ﴿٣٩﴾
Who Is Worthy of Worship?
[30:40] GOD is the One who created you. He is the One who provides for you. He is the One who puts you to death. He is the One who resurrects you. Can any of your idols do any of these things? Be He glorified. He is much too exalted to have any partners.
ٱللَّهُal-lahuGod (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoخَلَقَكُمْkhalaqakumHe created you [all],ثُمَّthummathenرَزَقَكُمْrazaqakumHe provided for you [all],ثُمَّthummathenيُمِيتُكُمْyumītukumHe will cause you [all] to dieثُمَّthummathenيُحْيِيكُمْyuḥ'yīkumHe will give you [all] life.هَلْhalIs (there)مِنminany (of)شُرَكَآئِكُمshurakāikumyour partners / idolsمَّنmanwhoيَفْعَلُyafʿaluhe doesمِنminofذَٰلِكُمdhālikumthat [you all]مِّنminanyشَىْءٍshayinthing?سُبْحَـٰنَهُۥsub'ḥānahuGlory be to Himوَتَعَـٰلَىٰwataʿālāand high above (all) / exalted (is He)عَمَّاʿammāabove whatيُشْرِكُونَyush'rikūnathey associate. ﴿٤٠﴾
[30:41] Disasters have spread throughout the land and sea, because of what the people have committed. He thus lets them taste the consequences of some of their works, that they may return (to the right works).
ظَهَرَẓahara[It] appearedٱلْفَسَادُl-fasāduthe corruption / decay / destructionفِىfīinٱلْبَرِّl-barithe landوَٱلْبَحْرِwal-baḥriand the seaبِمَاbimāfor whatكَسَبَتْkasabat[it] earned / committedأَيْدِىaydī(the) hands (of)ٱلنَّاسِl-nāsi[the] people,لِيُذِيقَهُمliyudhīqahumso that He may have them tasteبَعْضَbaʿḍaa part / someٱلَّذِىalladhī(of) that whichعَمِلُوا۟ʿamilūthey didلَعَلَّهُمْlaʿallahumthat they mayيَرْجِعُونَyarjiʿūna[they] return. ﴿٤١﴾
Learning From History
[30:42] Say, "Roam the earth and note the consequences for those before you." Most of them were idol worshipers.
قُلْqulSay,سِيرُوا۟sīrū"Travel / Roam [you all]فِىfīinٱلْأَرْضِl-arḍithe earthفَٱنظُرُوا۟fa-unẓurūand see [you all]كَيْفَkayfahowكَانَkānawasعَـٰقِبَةُʿāqibatu(the) end / consequences (for)ٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoمِنminfromقَبْلُqablubefore."كَانَkāna [It] wereأَكْثَرُهُمaktharuhummost of them مُّشْرِكِينَmush'rikīnapolytheists / idol worshipers. ﴿٤٢﴾
[30:43] Therefore, you shall devote yourself completely to this perfect religion, before a day comes which is made inevitable by GOD. On that day, they will be shocked.
فَأَقِمْfa-aqimSo setوَجْهَكَwajhakayour face / focus / whole being / devotionلِلدِّينِlilddīnito the religionٱلْقَيِّمِl-qayimi[the] right / perfect,مِنminfromقَبْلِqablibeforeأَنan[that]يَأْتِىَyatiyait comesيَوْمٌyawmuna Dayلَّاlānotمَرَدَّmaraddaturning back / averting / repulsingلَهُۥlahufrom itمِنَminafromٱللَّهِl-lahiGod.يَوْمَئِذٍyawma-idhinThat Day,يَصَّدَّعُونَyaṣṣaddaʿūnathey will be split / cracked (*have their minds blown) ﴿٤٣﴾
[30:44] Whoever disbelieves, disbelieves to the detriment of his own soul, while those who lead a righteous life, do so to strengthen and develop their own souls.
مَنmanWhoeverكَفَرَkafarahe disbelieved,فَعَلَيْهِfaʿalayhithen against him (is)كُفْرُهُۥkuf'ruhuhis disbelief.وَمَنْwamanAnd whoeverعَمِلَʿamilahe didصَـٰلِحًاṣāliḥanrighteous (deeds),فَلِأَنفُسِهِمْfali-anfusihimthen for themselves / their own soulsيَمْهَدُونَyamhadūnathey are preparing. ﴿٤٤﴾
[30:45] For He will generously recompense those who believe and lead a righteous life from His bounties. He does not love the disbelievers.
لِيَجْزِىَliyajziyaThat He may recompenseٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoءَامَنُوا۟āmanū[they] believedوَعَمِلُوا۟waʿamilūand [they] didٱلصَّـٰلِحَـٰتِl-ṣāliḥāti[the] righteous deedsمِنmin(out) ofفَضْلِهِۦٓfaḍlihiHis bounty.إِنَّهُۥinnahuIndeed, Heلَاlāsnotيُحِبُّyuḥibbu[He] lovesٱلْكَـٰفِرِينَl-kāfirīnathe disbelievers. ﴿٤٥﴾
[30:46] Among His proofs is that He sends the winds with good omen, to shower you with His mercy, and to allow the ships to run in the sea in accordance with His rules, and for you to seek His bounties (through commerce), that you may be appreciative.
وَمِنْwaminAnd amongءَايَـٰتِهِۦٓāyātihiHis signs / proofsأَنan(is) thatيُرْسِلَyur'silaHe sendsٱلرِّيَاحَl-riyāḥathe winds (as)مُبَشِّرَٰتٍmubashirātinbearers of good news / omensوَلِيُذِيقَكُمwaliyudhīqakumand so that He may have you [all] experienceمِّنminofرَّحْمَتِهِۦraḥmatihiHis mercy,وَلِتَجْرِىَwalitajriyaand that [it] may flow / sailٱلْفُلْكُl-ful'kuthe shipsبِأَمْرِهِۦbi-amrihiby His command / rule,وَلِتَبْتَغُوا۟walitabtaghūand that you [all] may seekمِنminofفَضْلِهِۦfaḍlihiHis bounty,وَلَعَلَّكُمْwalaʿallakumand that you [all] mayتَشْكُرُونَtashkurūna[you all] be appreciative. ﴿٤٦﴾
Guaranteed Victory for the Believers
[30:47] We have sent messengers before you to their people, with profound signs. Subsequently, we punished those who transgressed. It is our duty that we grant victory to the believers.
وَلَقَدْwalaqadAnd verily,أَرْسَلْنَاarsalnāwe sentمِنminfromقَبْلِكَqablikabefore youرُسُلًاrusulanmessengersإِلَىٰilātoقَوْمِهِمْqawmihimtheir people,فَجَآءُوهُمfajāūhumand they came to themبِٱلْبَيِّنَـٰتِbil-bayinātiwith the profound signs;فَٱنتَقَمْنَاfa-intaqamnāthen we punishedمِنَminafromٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoأَجْرَمُوا۟ajramūthey committed crimes / transgressed.وَكَانَwakānaAnd it wasحَقًّاḥaqqanincumbent / dutyعَلَيْنَاʿalaynāupon usنَصْرُnaṣru(to) helpٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَl-mu'minīnathe believers. ﴿٤٧﴾
[30:48] GOD is the One who sends the winds, to stir up clouds, to be spread throughout the sky in accordance with His will. He then piles the clouds up, then you see the rain coming down therefrom. When it falls on whomever He chooses from among His servants, they rejoice.
ٱللَّهُal-lahuGod (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoيُرْسِلُyur'siluHe sends / dispatchesٱلرِّيَـٰحَl-riyāḥathe winds,فَتُثِيرُfatuthīruand it stirs upسَحَابًاsaḥāban(the) clouds,فَيَبْسُطُهُۥfayabsuṭuhuthen He unfolds / spreads itفِىfīinٱلسَّمَآءِl-samāithe sky,كَيْفَkayfahowيَشَآءُyashāuHe wills,وَيَجْعَلُهُۥwayajʿaluhuand He makes themكِسَفًاkisafanfragments / pilesفَتَرَىfatarāso you seeٱلْوَدْقَl-wadqathe rainيَخْرُجُyakhrujuit coming outمِنْminfromخِلَـٰلِهِۦkhilālihitheir midst.فَإِذَآfa-idhāThen whenأَصَابَaṣābait befellبِهِۦbihiover [it]مَنmanwhomيَشَآءُyashāuHe willsمِنْminofعِبَادِهِۦٓʿibādihiHis servants,إِذَاidhābehold!هُمْhumTheyيَسْتَبْشِرُونَyastabshirūna[they] rejoice. ﴿٤٨﴾
[30:49] Before it fell on them, they had resorted to despair.
وَإِنwa-inAnd indeedكَانُوا۟kānūthey were -مِنminfromقَبْلِqablibeforeأَنanthatيُنَزَّلَyunazzalaHe sends downعَلَيْهِمʿalayhimupon themمِّنminfromقَبْلِهِۦqablihibefore it -لَمُبْلِسِينَlamub'lisīnasurely ones who despair / desperate. ﴿٤٩﴾
[30:50] You shall appreciate GOD's continuous mercy, and how He revives the land that has been dead. He will just as certainly resurrect the dead. He is Omnipotent.
فَٱنظُرْfa-unẓurSo lookإِلَىٰٓilāatءَاثَـٰرِāthāri(the) effects (of)رَحْمَتِraḥmati(the) mercyٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) God,كَيْفَkayfahowيُحْىِyuḥ'yīHe gives life (to)ٱلْأَرْضَl-arḍathe earthبَعْدَbaʿdaafterمَوْتِهَآmawtihāits death.إِنَّinnaIndeed,ذَٰلِكَdhālikathatلَمُحْىِlamuḥ'yīsurely (He is the) Giver of life (to)ٱلْمَوْتَىٰl-mawtāthe dead.وَهُوَwahuwaAnd He (is)عَلَىٰʿalāoverكُلِّkullieveryشَىْءٍshayinthingقَدِيرٌqadīrunOmnipotent. ﴿٥٠﴾
[30:51] Had we sent upon them instead a yellow sandstorm, they would have continued to disbelieve.
وَلَئِنْwala-inBut surely ifأَرْسَلْنَاarsalnāwe sentرِيحًاrīḥana windفَرَأَوْهُfara-awhuand they saw itمُصْفَرًّاmuṣ'farranturn yellow,لَّظَلُّوا۟laẓallūsurely they would have continuedمِنۢminfromبَعْدِهِۦbaʿdihiafter itيَكْفُرُونَyakfurūna[they] disbelieve. ﴿٥١﴾
[30:52] You cannot make the dead, nor the deaf, hear the call, once they turn away.
فَإِنَّكَfa-innakaSo indeed, [you]لَاlānotتُسْمِعُtus'miʿuyou can make hearٱلْمَوْتَىٰl-mawtāthe deadوَلَاwalāand notتُسْمِعُtus'miʿuyou can make hearٱلصُّمَّl-ṣumathe deafٱلدُّعَآءَl-duʿāathe callsإِذَاidhāwhenوَلَّوْا۟wallawthey turned back,مُدْبِرِينَmud'birīna[ones] retreating. ﴿٥٢﴾
[30:53] Nor can you guide the blind out of their straying. You can only be heard by those who believe in our revelations, and decide to become submitters.
وَمَآwamāAnd notأَنتَantayou (can)بِهَـٰدِbihādiever guideٱلْعُمْىِl-ʿum'yithe blindعَنʿanfromضَلَـٰلَتِهِمْḍalālatihimtheir error / straying.إِنinNotتُسْمِعُtus'miʿuyou can make hearإِلَّاillāexceptمَنman(those) whoيُؤْمِنُyu'minu[he] believesبِـَٔايَـٰتِنَاbiāyātināin our verses / revelationsفَهُمfahumso they (are)مُّسْلِمُونَmus'limūnasubmitters. ﴿٥٣﴾
This Life is Very Short
[30:54] GOD is the One who created you weak, then granted you after the weakness strength, then substituted after the strength weakness and gray hair. He creates whatever He wills. He is the Omniscient, the Omnipotent.
ٱللَّهُal-lahuGod (is)ٱلَّذِىalladhīthe One whoخَلَقَكُمkhalaqakumHe created you [all]مِّنminfromضَعْفٍḍaʿfinweakness,ثُمَّthummathenجَعَلَjaʿalaHe madeمِنۢminfromبَعْدِbaʿdiafterضَعْفٍḍaʿfinweaknessقُوَّةًquwwatanstrength,ثُمَّthummathenجَعَلَjaʿalaHe madeمِنۢminfromبَعْدِbaʿdiafterقُوَّةٍquwwatinstrengthضَعْفًاḍaʿfanweaknessوَشَيْبَةًwashaybatanand gray hair.يَخْلُقُyakhluquHe createsمَاmāwhatيَشَآءُyashāuHe wills,وَهُوَwahuwaand He (is)ٱلْعَلِيمُl-ʿalīmu[the] Omniscient,ٱلْقَدِيرُl-qadīru[the] Omnipotent. ﴿٥٤﴾
[30:55] On the day when the Hour comes to pass, the guilty will swear that they lasted (in this world) only one hour. That is how wrong they were.
وَيَوْمَwayawmaAnd (the) Dayتَقُومُtaqūmu[it] will be establishedٱلسَّاعَةُl-sāʿatuthe Hourيُقْسِمُyuq'simu[he] will swearٱلْمُجْرِمُونَl-muj'rimūnathe guilty [ones]مَاmānotلَبِثُوا۟labithūthey remainedغَيْرَghayrabutسَاعَةٍsāʿatinan hour.كَذَٰلِكَkadhālikaThusكَانُوا۟kānūthey wereيُؤْفَكُونَyu'fakūna[they are] deluded / deceived? ﴿٥٥﴾
[30:56] Those who are blessed with knowledge and faith will say, "You have lasted, according to GOD's decree, until the Day of Resurrection. Now, this is the Day of Resurrection, but you failed to recognize it."
وَقَالَwaqālaBut [he] saidٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoأُوتُوا۟ūtūthey were givenٱلْعِلْمَl-ʿil'mathe knowledgeوَٱلْإِيمَـٰنَwal-īmānaand the faith,لَقَدْlaqad"Verilyلَبِثْتُمْlabith'tumyou [all] remainedفِىfībyكِتَـٰبِkitābidecreeٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) GodإِلَىٰilāuntilيَوْمِyawmiDay (of)ٱلْبَعْثِl-baʿthithe Resurrection.فَهَـٰذَاfahādhāAnd this (is)يَوْمُyawmuDay (of)ٱلْبَعْثِl-baʿthithe Resurrectionوَلَـٰكِنَّكُمْwalākinnakumbut you [all]كُنتُمْkuntumyou all used toلَاlānotتَعْلَمُونَtaʿlamūna[you all] know. ﴿٥٦﴾
[30:57] Therefore, no apology, on that day, will benefit the transgressors, nor will they be excused.
فَيَوْمَئِذٍfayawma-idhinSo that day,لَّاlānotيَنفَعُyanfaʿuit will profit / benefitٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoظَلَمُوا۟ẓalamū[they] did wrong / transgressedمَعْذِرَتُهُمْmaʿdhiratuhumtheir excuses / apologiesوَلَاwalāand notهُمْhumtheyيُسْتَعْتَبُونَyus'taʿtabūna[they] will be allowed to make amends / be excused. ﴿٥٧﴾
[30:58] Thus, we have cited for the people in this Quran all kinds of examples. Yet, no matter what kind of proof you present to the disbelievers, they say, "You are falsifiers."
وَلَقَدْwalaqadAnd verily,ضَرَبْنَاḍarabnāwe set forth / citedلِلنَّاسِlilnnāsifor the peopleفِىfīinهَـٰذَاhādhāthisٱلْقُرْءَانِl-qur'āni[the] Quranمِنminofكُلِّkullieveryمَثَلٍmathalinexample.وَلَئِنwala-inBut surely ifجِئْتَهُمji'tahumyou bring themبِـَٔايَةٍbiāyatinof a sign / proof,لَّيَقُولَنَّlayaqūlannasurely [they] will sayٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoكَفَرُوٓا۟kafarū[they] disbelieved,إِنْin"Notأَنتُمْantumyou [all] (are)إِلَّاillāexceptمُبْطِلُونَmub'ṭilūnafalsifiers." ﴿٥٨﴾
Divine Intervention
[30:59] GOD thus seals the hearts of those who do not know.
كَذَٰلِكَkadhālikaThusيَطْبَعُyaṭbaʿu[He] places a sealٱللَّهُl-lahuGodعَلَىٰʿalāoverقُلُوبِqulūbi(the) heartsٱلَّذِينَalladhīna(of) those whoلَاlā(do) notيَعْلَمُونَyaʿlamūna[they] know. ﴿٥٩﴾
[30:60] Therefore, you shall steadfastly persevere - for GOD's promise is the truth - and do not be intimidated by those who have not attained certainty.
فَٱصْبِرْfa-iṣ'birSo be steadfast.إِنَّinnaIndeed,وَعْدَwaʿda(the) promiseٱللَّهِl-lahi(of) Godحَقٌّḥaqqun(is) true.وَلَاwalāAnd (let) notيَسْتَخِفَّنَّكَyastakhiffannaka[they] seek to lighten / weaken / demotivate / intimidate youٱلَّذِينَalladhīnathose whoلَاlānotيُوقِنُونَyūqinūna[they] are certain. ﴿٦٠﴾